GB/T 2311-2000 信息技术 字符代码结构与扩充技术

ics35.040

L71

中华人民共和国国家标准

cs/T2311-2000

idtISO/1EC2022:1994

信息技术字符代码结构与扩充技术

Informationtechnology-Charactercode

structureandextensiontechniques

2000一07一14发布2001一03一01实施

国家质叠技术监督局发布

GB/T2311-2000

目次

前言······一·

ISO/IEC前言

第一篇总则

1范围····。··········································································································……1

2符合性·········································································································。。·。··…2

2.1符合性的类型·2

2.2信息交换的符合性···。·································。·················································……’二2

2.3设备的符合性················。···············································································……2

2.3.1设备说明·············································。·········································。···········……2

2.3.2始发设备·2

2.3.3接收设备··············································。···············································。。·。。··…2

引用标准

定义·…

4.1位组·····，···························································································。····。····……3

4.2字节.·3

4.3字符·······3

4.4编码字符数据元素·················································································……’二二‘’二3

4.5编码字符集;代码·····。·····························，···········，·············································……3

4.6代码扩充.·3

4.7代码表··················································································。············。·····。···……3

4.8组合字符·······································。。····························································……3

4.9控制字符······································································································……3

4.1。控制功能······················································。···········。。·······。·。························……3

4.11指明········································。················································。·。。··············……3

4.12设备.·3

4.13转义序列····································。···········································，··········。·········……3

4.14最终字节····························。·········。··········。··········································。·········……4

4.15图形字符·······················································。。。···。·。···。····················。········。····。·…4

4.16图形符号·····························································································。········……4

4.17中间字节··············。·······················································································……4

4.18调用··········································································································……4

4.19(字符)总表················。·。·············。············。·····················································……4

4.20表示·································································。··········································……4

4.21用户····，····················································。·········。·。···············。·····················……4

GB/T2311-2000

5记法、代码表和名称··································。···············。·······················..·..·..·····.·……

5.1记法·····。·····································。···································、····························……

5.2代码表.·

5.3字符名称···············································，·····。··········。·。····················.············.·..。…

第二篇字符集和代码

6字符与字符集·······。·········，················。。。·································。··················。·········……5

6.1字符与字符集的类型··················。·······················································…·…“·一‘’二5

6.2固定编码字符·······························································································。……5

6.2.1抹掉字符。5

6.2.2转义字符.·一·5

6.2.3间隔字符··································。································································……5

6.3编码图形字符集··········。······························································。。。···············……6

6.3.1编码图形字符集的类型······························。··········。。·····························一··‘·一·6

6.3.2编码图形字符集的内容······················，··············································……’·…‘二‘二‘6

6.3.3图形字符的组合·····························。····························································……6

6.3.4编码图形字符集的来源·。·····································································…·…·‘·……7

6.4编码控制功能集······················································································，···，··……7

6.4.1编码控制功能集的类型····································································…·…二‘·‘·一·7

6.4.2编码控制功能基本集·······································································…·…’二二‘’二’二8

6.4.3编码控制功能辅助集·····。。·················································。。·············…·…’·“二二‘’二8

6.4.4编码控制功能集的来源·················································································……8

6.5编码单个增补控制功能············································。····································……二‘8

6.5.1标准化的单个控制功能··························。············。············。············。···············……9

6.5.2登记的单个控制功能·········。····························································…·…’二’·”二“·9

6.5.3专用控制功能············································，················································……9

6.5.4编码单个控制功能的来源·。·······························································…·…’二’·…·…9

78位和7位代码元素·····················、························································……’二’二二‘二‘9

7.1元素概述····················。············。·························。························。·················……9

7.2字符集代码元素·····························································································……10

7.3字符集代码元素的调用·······。············································································……10

7.4编码的代码标识功能······。························。···。······················。···················……·‘…·…11

7.5图形字符的独一编码·················。·············。···········································…·…“’·…·…n

88位代码结构·············································、·····················································……11

8.18位代码的代码表布局···············································································。····……11

8.2代码元素和结构·······。········。·。··································。·························、··。。·········……12

8.3通过移位功能方式对图形字符集的调用·······························································……12

8.3.1锁移零、锁移一、锁移二和锁移三···························。········································…·…12

8.3.2锁移一右、锁移二右和锁移三右························，·······················，···················…·…12

8.3.3移位状态······。·············································································。··············……13

8.3.4锁移功能的相互作用······························。···················································……13

GB/T2311-2000

4通过移位功能方式对单个图形字符的调用···················，································。······……14

:一

5控制功能集的调用.·14

8.5.1C。代码元素的调用.·14

8.5.2Cl代码元素的调用··············。··························。································一·““’…·14

97位代码结构·················································································。····。·。··········一·14

9.17位代码的代码表布局········································，·······················。··。·。···……””’·“‘14

9.2元素和代码结构····················································································。一·“··‘·…15

9.3通过移位功能对单个图形字符的调用···················································……’‘·二‘’二’二二‘16

9.3.1移入、移出、锁移二和锁移三···········································································……16

9.3.2锁移一右、锁移二右和锁移三右···································································……17

9.3.3移位状态··············································································。。。···················一·17

9.3.4锁移功能的相互作用.····……17

9.4通过移位功能对单个图形字符的调用·······································。··························……17

9.5控制功能集的调用······，···························································..·..·..·..·..·..··.·..·……17

9.5.1C。代码元素的调用··············。·····································································……17

9.5.2Cl代码元素的调用······················。···。·。·······················································……17

10实现的版本和级别·································································。···········..·.········……18

10.1版本·······················，··········，·····················。···································，············……18

10.2代码结构条件和字符集的标识·························································..·.······.·..·……18

10.3实现的级别.·18

10.3.18位代码.·18

10.3.28位代码级别的限定·······，·······································································…·…19

10.3.37位代码·······················································································。········……19

118位代码和7位代码之间的转换·······················································。·····.·..·.·..·.……20

11.18位向7位代码的转换········。······················。················。·········.·..····.……20

11.27位向8位代码的转换.·20

第三篇代码标识和转义序列

12代码标识功能02

11么1代码标识功能的用途02

1，乙一白转义序列的关系··························································································……21

13转义序列的结构和使用·二‘二‘“。…21

131转义序列的结构·························，································································……21

1，32转义序列的类型·················，········································································……21

1，32.1类型的指明··········································。··················································……21

13

上2.2nF类型的转义序列····················。······························································…·…22

土，水2.34F类型的转义序列·····················································。························……’··…23

，，32.4概要·····································································································……23

11水2.5转义序列的记法···········。···········································································……23

11乐3转义序列的特定含义···，·····。··································································…·…“·‘二‘23

1

133.1最终字节的登记·······················································································……23

Gs/T2311-2000

13.3.2本标准规定的最终字节”··················”··············，·”·····················”······……’二’二25

13.3.3专用······”·····.·”·”·”·”··········”·“·······”··“·········“·············”··········”··········……25

14图形字符集和控制功能集的指明······“··“·······················“··········”····”····”··“······……25

14.1指明功能······························································”············“········”·········……25

14.2控制功能集的指明·······”···········································································，……25

14.2.1用途·········。··。························································································。…25

14.2.2C。的指明······························································································……26

14.2.3Cl的指明····“······················································································……26

14.3图形字符集的指明(GnDm和GnDMm)··························································.，·…·26

14.3.1用途·······················································································，··············……26

14.3.2规范····················…….:·············································.·，。························……26

14.3.3多字节集的大小指明·27

14.4动态再定义字符集·······························。·······················································……27

14-4.1用途·························································，···········。·····························……27

14.4.2规范···························.·，····································································……27

14.5登记字符集修订版的标识((IRR)’二28

14-5.1用途·············.·，·······························”·················································……28

14.5.2规范·············································”“········.，········································……28

15代码的宣布和切换…二‘28

15.1提供的功能概要··························································“····························……28

15.2代码结构条件的宣布(ACS)二‘‘·二‘’”·””””28

15.2.1用途··············································‘·······················································……28

15.2.2规范··································································································……28

15.3本编码方法用的数据定界符((CMD)’二’二’二’二31

15.3.1用途·····。···········。。。····。。··········································································……31

15.3.2规范······································································································……31

15.4其他编码体系的指明(DOCS)·······························。········。······················……’二’·”·’32

15.4.1用途··············································。。。···········。········································……32

15.4.2规范··。·······························································································。··……32

附录A(标准的附录)字符总表及其编码的外部参考·········“···································。····……33

附录B(提示的附录)与转义序列一起使用的编码字符集的登记······································一35

附录C(提示的附录)本标准上一版(1990)和当前版本的主要区别······”·························……36

附录D(提示的附录)参考文献.·二‘36

GB/T2311-2000

前言

本标准等同采用国际标准ISO/IEC2022:1994(信息技术字符代码结构与扩充技术》。

本标准为第三次发布，替代GB/T2311-1990《信息处理七位和八位编码字符集代码扩充技

术》

本标准于1980年第一次发布，199。年第一次修订，现在是第二次修订。

本标准当前版本与上一版本的主要区别详见附录C,

本标准由中华人民共和国信息产业部提出。

本标准由中国电子技术标准化研究所归口。

本标准起草单位:中国电子技术标准化研究所。

本标准主要起草人:陈壮，王之炫。

GB/T2311-2000

ISO/IEC前言

ISO(国际标准化组织)和IEC(国际电工委员会)建立了世界范围的标准化的专门系统。ISO或IEC

的国家成员团体通过国际组织建立的各个技术委员会参与制定ISO和IEC共同感兴趣的特定技术领

域的国际标准。其他与ISO和IEC有联系的官方和非官方的各国际组织也参与此项工作。

在信息技术领域，ISO和IEC建立了一个联合技术委员会，即ISO/IECJTC1。由联合技术委员会

提出的国际标准草案，需分发给各成员团体进行表决，作为国际标准的发布至少需要75%的成员团体

投票赞成。

国际标准ISO/IEC2022由欧洲信息和通信系统标准化协会((ECMA)提出，并按特别“加速程序”，

由联合技术委员会ISO/IECJTC1(信息技术)采纳，同时得到ISO,IEC的国家成员体的赞同。

本版(第四版)取代了第三版(ISO2022;1986)，构成技术修订。

附录A是本标准的组成部分。附录B、附录C和附录D仅提供参考信息。

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T2311-2000

信息技术字符代码结构与扩充技术idtISO/IEC2022:1994

代替GB/T2311-1990

Informationtechnology-Charactercode

structureandextensiontechniques

第一篇总则

1范围

本标准规定了为字符集编码所提供的8位代码和7位代码的结构。结构中使用的代码元素在8位

代码和7位代码中是通用的。代码使用多种技术以扩充其基本的8位代码和7位代码的能力。由于现

在8位代码获得更广泛的使用，所以本版本比以前的版本更重视了8位代码。

8位代码和7位代码中使用通用元素使任意一个指明的与8位代码一致的元素可以简单而直接地

转换为相应的7位代码，反之亦然。

GB/T11383与本标准中8位代码结构一致，GB/T1988与本标准中7位代码结构一致。

注:GB13000.1规定的编码字符集具有与本标准不同的结构

本标准规定的代码结构条件包括扩充代码中可用的图形字符和控制功能数量等多种不同方法。它

们还包括建立和形成特定代码的定义，以及为这些特定代码的结构和组成元素提供编码标识的技术。

特定代码还可以通过GB/T16262的对象标识符来标识。附录A规定了对象标识符的形式。

根据GB/T12054，用于这些8位和7位代码的单个字符集和控制功能应在使用转义序列的编码字

符集的登记表中登记(见附录B)。登记表包括有关的字符集和控制功能及其编码表示，以及与这些字符

集相联系的编码标识的详情。

本标准建立的原则可以用于形成辅助代码结构条件。例如，GB/T5261即遵循这个步骤制定了参

数化的控制功能。

对于在这里规定的8位和7位代码使用统一的结构具有下列优点:

—允许在信息处理系统的设计中对代码结构使用统一的条款;

—提供标准化的方法使约定的字符集调人使用;

—允许在分别使用8位和7位代码的环境之间进行数据交换;

—减少需要交互操作的系统间冲突的风险。

当两个具有不同代码结构条件的实现级别的系统需要相互通信时，它们可以通过使用两个系统共

有的代码结构条件来实现。

这里规定的代码是设计用于正向顺序处理的数据。这些代码用于以其他方式处理、或是包含在固定

长度记录处理格式的数据中、可能有不良结果或者可能要求额外的特殊处理以保证准确的解释。

注:因为本标准文本相对前一版(1986)已经彻底重新编排和重写，以便于作为参考文件使用，本标准现在整理为下

列三篇:

第一篇总则

第二篇字符集和代码

第三篇代码标识和转义序列

国家质A技术监督局2000一07一14批准2001一03一01实施

GB/T2311-2000

符合性

2.1符合性的类型

完全符合标准指的是满足其所有要求。如果标准不含选择，符合性仅有一个独特的含义。如果标准

中有选择，它们必须清楚标识，并且符合性的任一声明必须包括对对所采用的选择的说明。

由于本标准规定了大量以满足各种应用进行不同选择条件，所以它具有不同的特性。这些选择在本

标准中没有标识，但是在符合性声明中必须予以标识。对这种标识选择的符合性又叫作有限符合性。

本标准中用于特殊应用的条件的选择通常包括在规范文件中，该规范文件指明了采用的条件和其

他必须的详细说明以定义完备的或更多的指明代码。这样一个规范被称为根据本标准。(见10.1)

2.2信息交换的符合性

如果编码字符数据元素中的编码表示满足下列条件，则该交换用的编码信息中的编码字符数据元

素符合本标准:

a)它们应根据本标准(即本标准的一个版本，见10.1)规定的条件的标识选择来表示图形字符、控

制功能和代码标识功能;

b)当使用本标准规定的代码扩充技术时，它们应使用本标准中定义的控制功能和代码标识功能来

实现并应按照本标准规定的含义和编码表示通过;

c)保留作登记用的编码表示、未安排的编码表示或者保留给将来使用的编码表示不应使用;

d)登记的转义序列不应用于与登记所规定的含义不同的场合。

2.3设备的符合性

当设备满足2.3.1的要求，以及满足2.3.2和2.3.3之一或全部，就符合本标准。对符合性的任何

声明都应对包含2.3.1给出的描述的文档进行确认。

2.3.1设备说明

符合本标准的设备应遵守下列描述:

a)无论是直接地，或是通过引用依据本标准的规范，标识出对源自本标准的在始发或接收编码字

符数据元素时均可利用的选择;

b)标识通过什么方法用户可以提供给相应字符和功能，或者可以在给出时辨识它们，如同2.3.2

和2.3.3所分别规定的。

2.3.2始发设备

始发设备应具有在字符代码元素中传输一个或多个图形字符集中的图形字符的代码表示的能力，

或是传输符合本标准的控制功能和代码标识功能的标识选择的表示的功能。

该设备应允许用户从适当的集中提供字符或其他标识，这些字符或标识将隐式或是显式确定应传

输哪些图形字符、控制功能以及代码标识功能的编码表示。

2.3.3接收设备

接收设备应具有在编码字符数据元素中接收和解释一个或多个图形字符集中的图形字符的代码表

示的能力，或是接收和解释符合本标准的控制功能和代码标识功能的标识选择的表示的功能。

该设备应从适当的集中提供给用户字符或其他标识，这些字符和标识由那些编码表示被接受到的

图形字符、控制功能以及代码标识功能来隐式或是显式测定。

3引用标准

下列标准所包含的条文，通过在本标准中引用而构成为本标准的条文。本标准出版时，所示版本均

为有效。所有标准都会被修订，使用本标准的各方应探讨使用一F列标准最新版本的可能性。

GB/T5261-1994信息处理七位和八位编码字符集用的控制功能(idtISO/IEC6429:1988)

GB/T12054-1989数据处理转义序列的登记规程(neqISO2375:1985)

GB/T2311-2000

GB/T16262-1996信息处理系统开放系统互连抽象语法记法一((ASN.1)规范

(idtISO8824:1990)

GB/T16263-1996信息处理系统开放系统互连抽象语法记法一(ASN.1)基本编码规则规

范(idtISO8825:1990)

与转义序列共同使用的编码字符集的国际和国内登记册

4定义

本标准采用下列定义。

4.1位组bitcombination

用于字符表示的若干个二进制位的有序集合。

4.2字节byte

作为单元操作的二进制位串。

注:每个二进制位的值是1或。。

4.3字符character

用于组织、控制或表示数据的元素集里的一个成员。

4.4编码字符数据元素coded-character-data-element(CC-data-element)

根据一个或多个被标识的编码字符集标准，由字符编码表示的序列的组成的交换信息的一个元素。

注

1在根据GB/T9387的开放系统互连的参考模型的通信环境中，编码字符数据元素构成全部或部分该标准定义的

表示协议数据单元(PPDU)相应的信息。

2通过可互换媒体完成信息互换后，编码字符数据元素构成全部或部分相应于用户数据、而不是在格式化和初始化

中纪录的信息

4.5编码字符集;代码codedcharacterset;code

一组无歧义的规则，用于建立一个字符集以及该集里的字符与其位组之间的一一对应关系。

4.6代码扩充codeextension

对未包含在一个给定代码的字符集中的字符进行编码的技术。

4.7代码表codetable

展示代码中分布到每个位组的字符的表。

4.8组合字符combiningcharacter

编码字符集的被标识的子集的一个成员，用于与前或其后图形字符相组合，或用于非组合字符前后

的组合字符序列的组合。

4.9控制字符controlcharacter

其编码表示由单个位组组成的控制功能。

4.10控制功能controlfunction

影响数据的纪录、处理、传输和解释的功用，其编码表示由一个或多个位组组成。

4.11指明todesignate

用规定的方法标识将要表示的一个字符集，在某些情况下是立即起作用，在另一些情况下需要待另

一个控制功能出现使其作用。

4.12设备device

可以发送、和/或可以接收编码字符数据元素中编码信息的信息处理装备的一个部件。

注:通常可能是输入/输出设备，或一个过程如一个应用程序或一个网关功能。

4.13转义序列escapesequence

用于在代码扩充过程中的控制目的的二进制位组串。这些位组的第一个位组表示转义控制功能。

注:本标准中，转义总是作为控制字符。

GB/'r2311-2000

4..，月﹃

.最终字节finalbyte

结束一个转义序列或一个控制序列的位组。

4.月.︺‘

.图形字符graphiccharacter

不同于控制功能的字符，由一个或多个位组组成，它具有可视的图形，通常是手写的、印刷的或显示

的0

4.1O，广图形符号graphicsymbol

图形字符或控制功能的可视表示。

今月..ll中间字节intermediatebyte

可能出现在转义序列中转义控制字符和最终字节之间的各位组。

今.，U‘O调用toinvoke

用预定的位组表示已指明的字符集，直到适当的代码扩充功能出现为止。

车JO几.口(字符)总表repertoire

一个特定的字符集，集里的每一个字符都是由编码字符集的一个或多个位组表示。

车qn乙JI表示torepresent

a)按已指明和调用的字符集中字符的含义，使用规定的位组;或

b)按增补控制功能的含义，使用转义序列。

4.21用户user

调用由设备提供的服务的人或其他实体。

注

I该实体可能是一个过程，例如:如果“设备”是一个转换器或一个网关功能，则该实休可能是应用程序

2由用户提供的或者提供给用户的字符，可以是本地到设备内部的代码，或是非常规可视表示形式，只要满足上述

2.3

记法、代码表和名称

5.1记法

8位代码位组的应用bg,bbs,b,,bbb,和b，标识，b，是最高有效位，b，是最低有效位。

7