GB/T 31461-2024 火力发电机组快速减负荷控制技术导则

ICS

27.100

CCS

F22

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T31461—2024

代替GB/T31461—2015

火力发电机组快速减负荷控制技术导则

Guideforrunbackandfastcutbackcontrolinfossilfuelpowerplant

2024-07-24发布2024-07-24实施

国家市场监督管理总局发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T31461—2024

目次

前言

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Ⅲ

1

范围

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2

规范性引用文件

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3

术语和定义

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1

4

RB技术要求

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3

4.1

RB的类型及功能设计要求

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3

4.2

RB的触发条件

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3

4.3

RB的复位条件

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3

4.4

RB相关技术要求

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4

5

RB试验

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4

5.1

RB功能静态模拟试验

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4

5.2

RB动态试验

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5

5.3

其他试验要求

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5

6

RB的验收

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6

6.1

RB的验收条件

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6

6.2

RB的验收标准

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6

7

FCB技术要求

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6

7.1

FCB功能设计目的

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6

7.2

FCB触发信号生成

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6

7.3

FCB设计要求

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8

FCB试验

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7

8.1

FCB功能静态模拟试验

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8.2

FCB动态试验

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7

9

FCB验收

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8

9.1

FCB的验收条件

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8

9.2

FCB的验收标准

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8

附录A（资料性）

RB动作过程中机组主要参数记录表

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9

附录B（资料性）

机组总体RB动作/试验情况一览表

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10

附录C（资料性）

FCB动作过程中机组主要参数记录表

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11

附录D（资料性）

机组总体FCB动作/试验情况一览表

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12

Ⅰ

GB/T31461—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件代替GB/T31461—2015《火力发电机组快速减负荷控制技术导则》，与GB/T31461—2015相

比，除结构调整和编辑性改动外，主要技术变化如下：

a）增加了RB的技术要求（见第4章）；

b）增加了RB动态试验内容（见5.2.2）；

c）增加了FCB设计要求（见7.3）；

d）增加了FCB动态试验条件（见8.2.1）；

e）将规范性附录更改为资料性附录，更改了机组总体RB动作/试验情况一览表（见附录A、

附录B、附录C、附录D，2015年版的附录A、附录B、附录C、附录D）。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由中国电力企业联合会提出。

本文件由全国电站过程监控及信息标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC376）归口。

本文件起草单位：华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司、西安热工研究院有限公司、国网浙江省电力

有限公司电力科学研究院、国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司、内蒙古电力（集团）有限责任公

司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司、润电能源科学技术有限公司、南方电网电力科技股份有限公司、陕西

延长石油富县发电有限公司、国家电投集团内蒙古能源有限公司、国家电投集团内蒙古白音华煤电有限

公司坑口发电分公司、国能清远发电有限责任公司。

本文件主要起草人：杨振勇、李卫华、贾强邦、刘磊、高海东、张秋生、张江丰、张国斌、

康静秋、邢智炜、昌鹏、黄卫剑、金国强、朱峰、高明、杨辉、张建宇、石立斌、尚勇、高明帅、

王立、马乐、尤默、陈振山、赖联坤、王富强、张瑾哲、李展、马宁、丁伟聪。

本文件及其所代替文件的历次版本发布情况为：

—2015年首次发布为GB/T31461—2015；

—本次为第一次修订。

Ⅲ

GB/T31461—2024

火力发电机组快速减负荷控制技术导则

1范围

本文件规定了火力发电厂燃煤机组快速减负荷控制的技术要求及验收内容，描述了相应的试验

方法。

本文件适用于300MW及以上等级燃煤发电机组，其他类型的火力发电机组参照执行。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用

于本文件。

GB/T26863火电站监控系统术语

DL/T655火力发电厂锅炉炉膛安全监控系统验收测试规程

DL/T657火力发电厂模拟量控制系统验收测试规程

DL/T701火力发电厂热工自动化术语

3术语和定义

GB/T26863和DL/T701界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

协调控制coordinatedcontrol

当单元机组的负荷指令发生变化时，协调地调整锅炉负荷指令和汽机的负荷指令，使机组的实发功

率尽快跟踪负荷指令的变化而变化，同时保证机组的稳定性。

[来源：DL/T701—2022,4.20]

3.2

模拟量控制系统modulationcontrolsystem；MCS

实现发电机组及辅助系统参数自动控制的总称。

注：在这种系统中，常包含参数自动控制及偏差报警功能，对前者，其输出量为输入量的连续函数。

[来源：GB/T26863—2022,7.29]

3.3

炉膛安全监控系统furnacesafeguardsupervisorysystem；FSSS

对锅炉（包括常压循环流化床）点火、燃烧器、油枪或气枪或床枪进行程序自动控制，防止锅炉

（包括常压循环流化床）炉膛由于燃烧熄火、过压等原因引起炉膛外爆或内爆而采取的监视和控制措施

的控制系统。

注1：它包括燃料安全系统和燃烧器控制系统。

注2：对煤粉（或燃油、燃气）锅炉，有时也称为燃烧器管理系统(BMS)。

[来源：GB/T26863—2022,8.6]

1

GB/T31461—2024

3.4

顺序控制系统sequencecontrolsystem；SCS

对机组的主机或某一工艺系统或主要辅机按一定规律(输入信号条件顺序、动作顺序或时间顺序)进

行控制的控制系统。

[来源：GB/T26863—2022,7.30]

3.5

旁路控制系统bypasscontrolsystem；BPC

机组旁路系统的自动投、切控制及旁路出口蒸汽压力、温度模拟量控制系统的总称。

[来源：GB/T26863—2022,7.29.7]

3.6

数字电液控制系统digitalelectro-hydrauliccontrolsystem；DEH

由电气原理组成的敏感元件、数字电路（计算机），由电气/液压原理组成的放大元件和液压原理

组成的伺服机构所组成的汽轮机控制系统。

[来源：GB/T26863—2022,7.29.4.3]

3.7

给水泵汽轮机数字电液控制系统micro-electro-hydrauliccontrolsystem；MEH

用微型计算机及液压伺服机构实现给水泵汽轮机各项控制功能的控制系统。

注：也是数字电液控制系统，但为了与主汽轮机的DEH相区别，称为MEH。

[来源：GB/T26863—2022,7.29.5]

3.8

超速保护控制over-speedprotectioncontrol；OPC

一种抑制超速的控制。

注：有采用加速度限制方法实现，也有采用双位控制方式实现。前者当汽轮机转速出现加速度时，发出超驰指令，

关闭主调节[汽]阀、再热调节[汽]阀；当加速度为零时由正常转速控制回路维持正常转速。后者当汽轮机转

速达到额定转速的103%时，自动关闭主调节[汽]阀、再热调节[汽]阀；当转速恢复正常时