T/CAOE 41-2021 深海采矿活动环境保护与保全指南

ICS13.020.01

CCSZ06

SocialOrganizationStandards

T/CAOE41-2021

TheGuidelinesforProtectionandPreservationof

theMarineEnvironmentinDeep-seaMining

IssuedbyChinaAssociationofOceanicEngineering

深海采矿活动环境保护与保全指南

Issuedate:2021-12-08Implementationdate：2021-12-08

IssuedbyChinaAssociationofOceanicEngineering

T/CAOE41-2021

Contents

Preface..............................................................................II

Introduction........................................................................III

TheGuidelinesforProtectionandPreservationoftheMarineEnvironmentinDeep-seaMining

......................................................................................1

1Scope...............................................................................1

2Normativereferences................................................................1

3Termsanddefinitions...............................................................1

4Generalrules.......................................................................4

4.1Objectives........................................................................4

4.2Principles........................................................................5

4.3Mainwork.........................................................................5

4.4Miningtechniqueandprocess......................................................7

4.5Datamanagement...................................................................8

4.6Environmentperformance...........................................................8

5Environmentalworkintheexplorationphase.........................................8

5.1Environmentsurvey................................................................8

5.2Specifythespatialplanning......................................................9

5.3Environmentimpactpredictionandassessment......................................9

6Environmentalworkintheexploitationphase........................................9

6.1Trackingandmonitoring...........................................................9

6.2Followupassessment.............................................................10

6.3Programmeadjustment.............................................................10

7Environmentalworkintheclosurephase............................................10

7.1Restorationandcompensation.....................................................10

7.2Long-termmonitoring.............................................................11

7.3Postclosureassessment..........................................................11

8Stakeholderengagement.............................................................11

References...........................................................................12

I

T/CAOE41-2021

Preface

TheGuidelinesforProtectionandPreservationoftheMarineEnvironmentinDeep-seaMining

(hereinafterreferredtoas“theGuideline”)isdraftedbytheBeijingPioneerHi-Tech

DevelopmentCorporationLtd.undertheauspicesoftheChinaAssociationofOceanicEngineering

inaccordancewiththerulesgivenintheGB/T1.1—2020Directivesforstandardization—Part

1:Rulesforthestructureanddraftingofstandardizingdocuments.Intheeventofany

inconsistencybetweentheoriginalChineseversionandthistranslationoftheGuidelines,

theprovisionsoftheoriginalChineseversionshallprevail.

TheprincipalcontributorstothedraftoftheGuidelineareLiBo,WangChunsheng,Luo

Yang,HanLuwei,LinShiquan,MuChangqing,XiaoLina,XiaJianxin,ZhouLina,WangYang,Wang

Hongyi,DuLiang,PangYuntianfromtheBeijingPioneerHi-TechDevelopmentCorporation,the

SecondInstituteofOceanography,theThirdInstituteofOceanography,NationalCentreofOcean

StandardsandMetrology,andfromChinaUniversityofGeosciences(Beijing).

II

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Introduction

Inaccordancewiththe1982UnitedNationsConventionontheLawoftheSea,necessarymeasuresshouldbe

takentoensureeffectiveprotectionandpreservationofmarineenvironmentfromtheharmfuleffectswhich

mayarisefromexplorationorexploitationactivitiesintheArea(theseabedandoceanfloorandsubsoil

thereof,beyondthelimitsofnationaljurisdiction).Forthisend,ChinapromulgatedtheLawofthePeople's

RepublicofChinaonExplorationandExploitationofResourcesintheDeepSeabedin2016.TheLawprovides

legalframeworkforthepractitionersofdeep-seaminingactivitiestoprotectandpreservethemarine

environmentduringexplorationandexploitationofresourcesinthedeepsea-bed.TheGuidelinesare

designedtoprovidetheprinciplesandproceduresforthecontractorstoprotectionandpreservethemarine

environmentindeep-seamining.

III

T/CAOE41-2021

TheGuidelinesforProtectionandPreservationof

theMarineEnvironmentinDeep-seaMining

1Scope

Thisdocumentspecifiesthegeneralprinciplesofenvironmentprotectionand

preservationindeep-seaminingandtheguidelinesofenvironmentalworkinthe

explorationphase,miningphase,miningclosurephaseandstakeholderengagement.

Thisdocumentisapplicabletotheenvironmentprotectionandpreservationworkof

contractorscarryingoutthetest-miningormining-relatedactivitiesinthe"area".

2Normativereferences

Thecontentsofthefollowingdocumentsconstitutetheessentialclausesofthis

documentthroughnormativereferencesinthetext.Fordatedreferences,onlythe

versioncorrespondingtothedateisapplicabletothisdocument;forundated

references,theirlatestversion(includingallamendments)isapplicabletothis

document.

GB/T24031—2021,Environmentalmanagement—Environmentalperformanceevaluation

—Guidelines

ISO14000,Environmentmanagementsystem

ISA/02/02,StandardizationofEnvironmentalDataandInformation–Developmentof

Guidelines

ISBA/25/LTC/6/Rev.1,RecommendationsfortheGuidanceofContractorsforthe

AssessmentofthePossibleEnvironmentalImpactsArisingfromExplorationforMarine

MineralsintheArea

3Termsanddefinitions

Forthepurposeofthisdocument,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply.

3.1

Area

Thesea-bedandoceanfloorandsubsoilthereof,beyondthelimitsofnational

jurisdiction.

1

T/CAOE41-2021

[SOURCE:the1982UnitedNationsConventionontheLawoftheSea,Article1,1.(1)]

3.2

deep-seaminingactivities

Thewholeprocessofobtainingmineralresourcesfromthedeepseabedincludingthe

exploration,exploitation,transportationofseabedminerals,andtheprocessof

mineclosure.

3.3

environmentalbaseline

Thenaturalcharacteristicssuchasthebasicvaluesofenvironmentalparameters

andbiologicalcommunitiesthatarenotdirectlyaffectedbyhumanactivities.It

reflectsthestabilityandvariabilityofthenaturalenvironmentwithinaspecific

spatial/temporalrange,includingphysical,chemical,biologicalandgeological

baselines.

3.4

constructivespecies

constructivespeciesthathadsignificantcontrollingeffectontheformationof

deep-seabenthicfaunacommunity.

3.5

environmentalprotectionandpreservation

Adoptaprecautionaryapproachandbestpractices,basedonthebestavailable

scientificevidence,topreservebiodiversityandmaintainstructureandfunction

ofecosystems.

3.6

spatialplanning

Inordertorationallyplanminingactivities,protectandpreservemarine

environment,comprehensivedeploymentandspecificarrangementaremadeforthe

developmentstrategy,developmentlevel,content,timelimit,scale,layout,and

implementationstepsofminingspaceshouldbecomprehensivedeployedand

specificallyarranged.

3.7

environmentalmanagementplans

Anenvironmentalmanagementdocumentdevelopedtobalancetheneedsofdeep-sea

miningactivitieswiththeobjectivesofenvironmentalprotectionandpreservation,