GB/T 44592-2024 红树林生态保护修复技术规程

ICS

65.020.01

CCS

B64

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T44592—2024

红树林生态保护修复技术规程

Codeofpracticeforecologicalprotectionandrestorationofmangroves

2024-09-29发布2024-09-29实施

国家市场监督管理总局发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T44592—2024

目次

前言

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1

范围

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2

规范性引用文件

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3

术语和定义

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4

红树林生态保护修复原则

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4.1

生态优先，系统性保护修复

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4.2

协调规划，有序推进

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4.3

尊重自然，科学实施

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4.4

分级负责，长期管护

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5

红树林生态保护修复技术程序

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6

红树林分布区域及保护修复类型划分

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6.1

区域划分

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6.2

保护修复项目类型划分

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7

作业设计

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7.1

设计依据

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7.2

设计调查

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7.3

技术设计

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7.4

设计文件

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8

树种选择和苗木准备

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8.1

树种选择

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8.2

苗木培育

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8.3

苗木选用

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红树林造林

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9.1

滩涂红树林造林

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9.2

养殖塘区红树林造林

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10

红树林修复

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10.1

退化红树林修复

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10.2

外来速生红树林改造

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11

红树林保护

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11.1

有害生物防控

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11.2

生物多样性保护

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12

管护

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12.1

一般管护

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12.2

红树林种养复合模式管护

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Ⅰ

GB/T44592—2024

13

项目验收

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13.1

验收类型

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13.2

验收内容

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13.3

调查方法

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13.4

验收合格规定

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14

档案管理

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附录A（资料性）

红树林造林树种及其适宜生境

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附录B（规范性）

常用红树植物苗木分级规定

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附录C（规范性）

红树林造林、修复和保护验收调查样方/样带设置要求

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附录D（规范性）

红树林主要树种的保存株数

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Ⅱ

GB/T44592—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由国家林业和草原局和中华人民共和国自然资源部提出。

本文件由全国营造林标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC385）主归口，由全国海洋标准化技术委员会海

洋生物资源开发与保护分会（SAC/TC283/SC3）副归口。

本文件起草单位：中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所、自然资源部第三海洋研究所、国家林业和

草原局、自然资源部、厦门大学、海南省林业科学研究院、广西红树林研究中心、中国林业科学研究院

生态保护与修复研究所、广东省林业调查规划院、国家林业和草原局中南调查规划院、浙江省亚热带作

物研究所。

本文件主要起草人：辛琨、郭青俊、仲崇峻、熊燕梅、刘丽军、林存炎、陈立云、沈佳烨、

王浩然、廖宝文、姜仲茂、王文卿、钟才荣、生农、陈玉军、陈光程、陈顺洋、范航清、李玫、

俞炜炜、朱耀军、张春霞、徐力刚、刘世好、舒勇、陈秋夏。

Ⅲ

GB/T44592—2024

红树林生态保护修复技术规程

1范围

本文件确立了红树林生态保护修复程序，明确了分布区及项目类型划分，规定了作业设计、树种选

择和苗木准备、红树林造林、红树林修复、红树林保护、管护、项目验收和档案管理等技术要求。

本文件适用于红树林的生态保护修复。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用

于本文件。

GB/T15776造林技术规程

GB/T15781森林抚育规程

LY/T2853红树林主要食叶害虫防治技术规程

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

红树林mangrove

生长于热带、亚热带海岸潮间带，受周期性潮水浸淹的木本植物群落。

3.2

红树林造林mangroveafforestation

在沿海滩涂、养殖塘等适宜红树林生长的区域，通过人工营造或者生境改造促进红树林面积增加、

结构完善的过程。

3.3

退化红树林degradedmangrove

由于遭受自然灾害、人为过度干扰、有害生物威胁等导致红树林衰退，导致植株成片死亡或生长不

良、植物群落组成单一或结构退化、生物多样性或生态功能下降，且难以自然恢复的红树林。

3.4

外来速生红树林exoticfast-growingmangrove

由外来速生红树植物组成的纯林及其混交林。

.

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红树林有害生物harmfulorganismofmangrove

对红树林造成严重危害的植物、虫类和海洋生物。

3.6

红树林修复mangroverestoration

针对退化红树林和外来速生红树林进行群落结构修复和改造的过程。

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GB/T44592—2024

3.7

红树林生境修复mangrovehabitatrestoration

通过微地形改造、水文环境修复、有害生物防控等措施，达到适宜红树林生长条件的作业过程。

3.8

红树林种养复合模式mangroveplanting-breedingintegratedmode

在养殖塘内种植一定比例红树林，同时开展生态养殖，以实现生态与经济效益协调发展为目的的养

殖塘区红树林造林模式。

3.9

红树植物胚轴viviparousseedlingofmangroveplants

红树植物果实成熟后直接在母体上萌发，从母体吸收能量与营养，长成笔状或棒状的无根胎生苗。

4红树林生态保护修复原则

4.1生态优先，系统性保护修复

以增加红树林生物多样性和提升红树林生态功能为目标，对红树林生态系统实施整体保护修复。

4.2协调规划，有序推进

根据各个区域自然条件和土地使用现状，优先在红树林自然保护地内开展保护修复，逐步扩大到其

他适宜区域。

4.3尊重自然，科学实施

基于生境现状，科学评估和选择红树林保护修复项目实施区域，采用适度人工措施结合自然恢复的

方式实施生态修复，不宜大规模立地改造和客土。

4.4分级负责，长期管护

按照事权划分，明确红树林保护修复责任，在红树林生态保护修复工程实施后，做好抚育管护，延

长管护期限，加大管护力度，确保生态保护修复成效。

5红树林生态保护修复技术程序

包括前期准备、项目实施、管护、验收、档案管理等内容。技术程序见图1。

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GB/T44592—2024