HY/T 0408-2024 极地海冰生物检测样品的预处理方法

ICS07.060

CCSA45

中华人民共和国海洋行业标准

HY/T0408—2024

极地海冰生物检测样品的

预处理方法

Pretreatmentmethodofpolarseaicesamplesforbiologicalanalysis

2024⁃03⁃05发布2024⁃06⁃01实施

中华人民共和国自然资源部发布

HY/T0408—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅰ

1范围·······················································································································1

2规范性引用文件········································································································1

3术语和定义··············································································································1

4试剂或材料··············································································································2

5实验室环境及设备工具·······························································································2

6海冰采集前准备········································································································3

7海冰采集·················································································································3

8海冰分样·················································································································4

9海冰融化·················································································································4

10融化样预处理·········································································································4

11样品保存···············································································································5

附录A（规范性）极地海冰生物分析样品预处理流程图························································6

附录B（规范性）极地海冰生物分析样品预处理记录表·························································7

参考文献····················································································································10

HY/T0408—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件由中华人民共和国自然资源部提出。

本文件由全国海洋标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC283）归口。

本文件起草单位：中国极地研究中心。

本文件主要起草人：何剑锋、蓝木盛、曹叔楠、罗光富、张芳、高源。

Ⅰ

HY/T0408—2024

极地海冰生物检测样品的

预处理方法

1范围

本文件规定了极地海冰生物样品检测所使用的试剂或材料、实验室环境及设备工具，以及海冰采

集前准备、海冰采集、海冰分样、海冰融化、融化样预处理、样品保存等方面的技术内容。

本文件适用于在极地海域冰站上实施的海冰生物调查作业。在其他海域进行海冰生物调查作业

可参考使用。

2规范性引用文件

本文件没有规范性引用文件。

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

极地polarregion

南纬60°以南、北纬66°34′（北极圈）以北的区域。

3.2

海冰seaice

由淡水冰晶、卤水、气泡和生物等组成的混合体。

3.3

浮冰packice

南大洋和北冰洋中随风和海流漂移的海冰。

3.4

冰站icecamp

极地考察过程中选定的作为主要作业平台的浮冰。

3.5

冰芯seaicecore

利用手动或动力钻具钻取的圆柱状海冰样品。

3.6

海冰生物seaiceorganisms

生活于海冰内部的生物。

3.7

冰藻seaicealgae

依附于海冰生存的藻类。

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3.8

小型冰藻seaicemicro⁃algae

个体粒径介于20μm~50μm的冰藻。

3.9

微型冰藻seaicenano⁃algae

个体粒径介于2μm~20μm的冰藻。

3.10

微微型冰藻seaicepico⁃algae

个体粒径介于0.2μm~2μm的冰藻。

3.11

中小型动物meiofauna

个体粒径介于50μm~2000μm动物的统称。

3.12

海冰细菌seaicebacteria

依附于海冰生存的原核生物。

4试剂或材料

4.1试剂

除非另有说明，在分析中仅使用确认为分析纯的试剂。

4.1.1超纯水：电阻率不小于18MΩ∙cm（25℃)。

4.1.2纯水：电阻率不小于0.1MΩ∙cm（25℃)。

4.1.3液氮。

4.1.4稀盐酸（0.5mol/L）：1体积的质量分数为37%的浓盐酸与23体积的超纯水混合。

4.1.5甲醛溶液（40%）。

4.1.6戊二醛溶液（25%）：将体积分数为50%的戊二醛与超纯水按体积比1∶1混合。

4.1.7鲁格试剂：将100g碘化钾溶于1L超纯水中，加入50g碘使其溶解，再加入100mL冰醋酸，

转移至棕色玻璃瓶中常温避光保存。

4.1.8过滤海水：使用0.2µm孔径的聚碳酸酯膜对采集的极地海水进行过滤，收集经过滤的海水并

4℃低温避光保存备用。

4.2材料

4.2.1尼龙滤膜：直径47mm、孔径20μm。

4.2.2聚碳酸酯膜：直径47mm、孔径2μm和0.2μm。

4.2.3GF/F滤膜：直径47mm、孔径0.7μm。

4.2.4尼龙材质筛绢：孔径50μm和20μm。

4.2.5冻存管：容量为15mL、5mL和2mL。

5实验室环境及设备工具

5.1实验室环境

5.1.1实验室内的温度、湿度等环境参数应符合仪器设备使用的规定。

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HY/T0408—2024

5.1.2外界或内部的污染以及热、光等干扰水平应对样品处理无显著影响。

5.1.3应保持实验室洁净、整齐、有序，室温恒定。

5.2设备

5.2.1抽滤装置：由单头或多头滤器（直径50mm）、抽滤瓶、真空泵（含负压表）等组成。

5.2.2低温冷藏室。

5.2.3超低温冰箱：最低温度小于或等于-80℃。

5.2.4通风橱：排风量大于或等于1000m3/h。

5.2.5马弗炉。

5.3工具

5.3.1冰芯钻系统：

——由切割头、钻管、延长杆、钻机等部分组成；

——钻管直径不小于9cm、长不小于100cm，延长杆长100cm,配置不少于2根。

5.3.2冰芯盛管：PVC材质的圆柱形空心管沿管口内径对半切割而成，单根长度与冰芯钻钻管等长

（不小于100cm），内径略大于钻管（若钻管直径为9cm，则套管直径建议为10cm），并在外壁标注长

度标尺，配置不少于6个。

5.3.3冰锯：不锈钢材质手工锯，锯路宽1mm，锯齿齿长不小于5mm，锯齿齿距不小于5mm。

5.3.4不锈钢铲。

5.3.5量筒：10mL、100mL、500mL、1L和2L。

5.3.6烧杯：1L。

5.3.7