JJG 176-2005 声校准器

中华人民共和国国家计量检定规程

JJG176-2005

声校准器

SoundCalibrators

2005一04一28发布2005一10一28实施

国家质量监督检验检疫总局发布

JJG176-2005

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SoundCalibrators

本规程经国家质量监督检验检疫总局2005年4月28日批准，并自2005

年10月28日起施行。

归口单位:全国声学计量技术委员会

起草单位:中国计量科学研究院

J匕京市产品质量监督检验所

本规程委托全国声学计量技术委员会负责解释

JJG176-2005

本规程起草人:

陈剑林(中国计量科学研究院)

张美娥(中国计量科学研究院)

郑晓媛(中国计量科学研究院)

孙路伟(北京市产品质量监督检验所)

帅正萍(中国计量科学研究院)

白谨(中国计量科学研究院)

JJG176-2005

目录

1范围··························································································……(1)

2引用文献····················································································……(1)

3术语和计量单位···········································································……(1)

3.1声校准器·················································································……(1)

3.2规定声压级··············································································……(1)

3.3标称声压级··············································································……(2)

3.4规定频率·················································································……(2)

3.5标称频率·················································································……(2)

3.6主声压级·················································································……(2)

3.7主频率····················································································……(2)

3.8重复·······················································································……(2)

3.9总失真····················································································……(2)

3.10参考平面··············································································……(2)

3.11传声器有效负载体积·······························································……(2)

4概述··························································································……(2)

5计量性能要求··············································································……(2)

5.1通用要求·················································································……(2)

5.2声压级和短期级漂移······…·…、····················································……(3)

5.3频率·······················································································……(3)

5.4总失真····················································································……(4)

6通用技术要求··············································································……(4)

6.1材料和结构··············································································……(4)

6.2铭牌、标志和使用说明书····························································……(4)

7计量器具控制··············································································……(4)

7.1检定条件·················································································……(4)

7.2检定项目·················································································……(5)

7.3检定方法·················································································……(5)

7.4检定结果的处理········································································……(11)

7.5检定周期·················································································……(12)

附录A测量不确定度的最大限值······················································……(13)

附录B检定证书和检定结果通知书的内页格式····································……(14)

附录C声校准器测量不确定度评定实例·············································……(16)

JJG176-2005

声校准器检定规程

本规程依据国际电工委员会IEC60942:2003《电声学一声校准器》，除声校准器型

式评价部分的相关内容未采用外，其他技术内容等同。

1范围

本规程适用于IS级(实验室标准)、1级和2级声校准器的首次检定、后续检定和

使用中的检验。

2引用文献

本规程引用下列文献:

JJF1001-1998通《用计量术语及定义》

JJF1059-1999测《量不确定度评定与表示》

JJG188-2002声《级计》

JJG790-1992标《准电容传声器》

GB/T3102.7-1993《声学的量和单位》

GB/T3947-1996声《学名词术语》

IEC60942:2003(Electroacoustics一Soundcalibrators》

IEC61094-1:2000((Measurementmicrophones一Part1:Specificationsforlaboratorystan-

dardmicrophones))

IEC61094-2:1992((Measurementmicrophones一Part2:Primarymethodforpressurecali-

brationoflaboratorystandardmicrophonesbythereciprocitytechnique))

IEC61094-4:1995((Measurementmicrophones一Part4:Specificationsforworkingstan-

dardmicrophones))

IEC61094-5:2001((Measurementmicrophones一Part5:Methodsforpressurecalibration

ofworkingstandardmicrophonesbycomparison))

ISO266:1997((AcousticsPreferredfrequencies))

在使用本规程时，应注意使用上述引用文献的现行有效版本。

3术语和计且单位

本规程采用GB3102.7中规定的声学的量和单位、JJF1059给出的测量不确定度评定

方法、以及GB/T3947和JJF1001中规定的相关术语和定义。根据本规程需要，采用

IEC60942中的以下术语和定义。

3.1声校准器(soundcalibrator)

声校准器是一种当藕合到规定型号和结构的传声器上时，能产生规定声压级和规定

频率的正弦声压的装置。

3.2规定声压级(specifiedsoundpressurelevel)

t

JJG176-2005

在参考环境条件下，声校准器和一个已知型号和结构的传声器一起使用时所产生的

声压级，它对单个的声校准器(如IS级声校准器)或相同型号的所有声校准器(如1

级或2级声校准器)是有效的。

3.3标称声压级(nominalsoundpressurelevel)

为标记使用，取整到最接近于规定声压级的分贝值，它对相同型号的所有声校准器

是有效的。

3.4规定频率(specifiedfrequency)

在参考环境条件下，由声校准器产生的声信号频率，它对单个的声校准器(如IS

级声校准器)或相同型号的所有声校准器(如1级或2级声校准器)是有效的。

3.5标称频率(nominalfrequency)

接近于规定频率，为标记使用，通常按IS0266进行取整。

3.6主声压级(principalsoundpressurelevel)

仪器使用说明书中所规定的主要声压级。

3.7主频率(principalfrequency)

仪器使用说明书中所规定的主要频率。

3.8重复(replication)

将传声器藕合到声校准器，然后将传声器从声校准器完全移开的重复测量。

3.9总失真(totaldistortion)

所有失真分量的方均根值与整个信号的方均根值之比的百分数。

3.10参考平面(referenceplane)

传声器和声校准器之间的接触面。

3.11传声器有效负载体积(effectiveloadvolumeofamicrophone)

在参考环境条件下，与由参考平面、传声器膜片和在参考平面上传声器的外圆柱面

所限定的腔体具有相同声顺的空气体积，包括传声器的等效体积(见IEC61094一1)0

注:有效负载体积通常用立方毫米表示。

4概述

声校准器是一种当藕合到规定型号和结构(如带或不带保护栅)的传声器上时，能

在一个或多个频率上产生一个或多个已知声压级的装置。声校准器产生的声压级与气

压、温度和相对湿度等环境条件有关。

声校准器主要有两种用途:

a)确定规定型号和结构的传声器的声压灵敏度;

b)检查或调节声学测量装置或系统的总灵敏度。

5计t性能要求

5.1通用要求

5.1.1为适合不同类型的传声器，制造商提供的适配器应为声校准器的一部分。

5.1.2声校准器可以在一个或多个频率上产生一个或多个声压级，同一声校准器产生

.1.1G176-2005

的多个频率或多个声压级应有相同的准确度等级。

5.1.3对需进行环境条件修正的声校准器，应给出参考环境条件下的测定值，使用说

明书应提供在不同环境条件下的修正方法。

5.1.4使用说明书应提供当传声器与声校准器藕合后声压级和频率达到稳定所需的时

间，其稳定时间不应超过30so

5.2声压级和短期级漂移

5.2.1声校准器产生的主声压级应大于90dB.

5.2.2在参考环境条件下或参考环境条件附近，即:气压97kPa一105kPaI温度200C-

26℃和相对湿度40%一65%的环境条件范围内，声校准器产生的声压级与相应规定声压

级之差的绝对值，包括测量所引人的不确定度(见附录A)不应超过表1的规定，表1

给出了在参考环境条件下或参考环境条件附近时的声压级允差和短期级漂移限值的绝对

值。

表1声压级允差和短期级漂移的限值

标称频率范围声压级允差(绝对值)/dB短期级漂移限值(绝对值)/dB

HzIS级1级2级IS级1级2级

31.5~<1600.500.20