GB/T 47839-2026 空间环境 地球磁层磁场模型

ICS49.020

CCSV06

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T47839—2026

空间环境地球磁层磁场模型

Spaceenvironment—ModeloftheEarth’smagnetosphericmagneticfield

［ISO22009：2023，Spaceenvironment（naturalandartificial）—Modelofthe

Earth’smagnetosphericmagneticfield，MOD］

2026⁃07⁃02发布2026⁃11⁃01实施

国家市场监督管理总局

国家标准化管理委员会发布

GB/T47839—2026

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

引言··························································································································Ⅳ

1范围·······················································································································1

2规范性引用文件········································································································1

3术语和定义··············································································································1

4一般概念和假设········································································································2

4.1地球磁层总磁场··································································································2

4.2磁层磁场标准化：基于过程的方法············································································2

5模型要求·················································································································3

5.1概述·················································································································3

5.2磁层磁场源········································································································3

5.3参数化··············································································································3

5.4磁层动力学········································································································3

5.5模型的检验及其与测量结果的比较··········································································3

6候选模型要求···········································································································3

6.1候选模型选择·····································································································3

6.2候选模型适用性说明····························································································3

6.3候选模型误差分析·······························································································3

6.4模型发布···········································································································3

附录A（资料性）本文件与ISO22009：2023结构编号对照一览表···········································4

附录B（资料性）本文件与ISO22009：2023技术差异及其原因··············································5

附录C（规范性）磁层磁场的抛物体模型：磁层电流磁场的计算··············································6

C.1概述·················································································································6

C.2磁层电流磁场的抛物体模型···················································································6

C.3屏蔽了地偶极磁场的磁层顶电流磁场·······································································7

C.4磁尾电流磁场·····································································································7

C.5环电流磁场········································································································8

C.6屏蔽环电流磁场的磁层顶电流磁场··········································································8

C.7场向电流磁场·····································································································9

C.8模型精度·········································································································10

C.9其他相关模型···································································································10

附录D（资料性）子模型······························································································11

D.1概述···············································································································11

D.2地磁偶极倾角···································································································11

Ⅰ

GB/T47839—2026

D.3磁层顶日下点距离·····························································································11

D.4到向地侧磁尾电流片边缘的距离···········································································11

D.5通过磁层尾瓣的磁通量·······················································································12

D.6地心处环电流磁场·····························································································12

D.7整个1区场向电流·····························································································12

附录E（资料性）用于模型检验的坐标系和数据集·····························································13

E.1球坐标（1）········································································································13

E.2球坐标（2）········································································································13

E.3抛物体坐标······································································································13

E.4地偶极磁场······································································································14

E.5用于模型检验的数据集·······················································································14

参考文献····················································································································15

Ⅱ

GB/T47839—2026

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件修改采用ISO22009：2023《空间环境（自然和人工)地球磁层磁场模型》。

本文件与ISO22009：2023相比，在结构上有较多调整。两个文件之间的结构编号变化对照一览

表见附录A。

本文件与ISO22009：2023相比，存在较多技术差异，在所涉及的条款的外侧页边空白位置用垂直

单竖线（|）进行了标示。这些技术差异及其原因一览表见附录B。

本文件做了下列编辑性改动：

——为与我国技术标准体系一致，将标准名称更改为《空间环境地球磁层磁场模型》；

——将公式（C.3）中cosφcosφ更正为cosψcosφ（见C.3）；

——将“极冠半径”更正为“极冠张角”（见C.7）；

D.22D.3

——将公式（）中的“nv”替换为“Dp”（见）；

IMFD.7

——将南北向分量改为Bsn（见）；

——补充更多模型对照数据来源（见E.5）。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由中国科学院提出。

本文件由全国宇航技术及其应用标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC425）归口。

本文件起草单位：中国地震局地球物理研究所、深圳星地孪生科技有限公司、北京卫星环境工程研

究所、中国科学院国家空间科学中心、江苏海洋大学、中国航天标准化研究所。

本文件主要起草人：焦立果、沈自才、何朝博、钟秋珍、季启政、李昌宏、孙琨杰、乔佳、彭忠、许冬彦、

王世金。

Ⅲ

GB/T47839—2026

引言

地球磁层磁场对空间天气预报、卫星通信与导航、航天器在轨环境评估与轨道设计、磁层物理过程

和机制研究（包括太阳风—磁层相互作用过程、磁暴与亚暴动力学、空间电流体系反演）、地震电磁异常

扰动识别等具有重要价值，为此，需要规范地球磁层磁场模型的建模和使用。

Ⅳ

GB/T47839—2026

空间环境地球磁层磁场模型

1范围

本文件给出了地球磁层磁场模型的一般概念和假设，规定了建模要求和使用要求。

本文件适用于地球外源磁层磁场新模型构建、空间天气预报、卫星通信与导航、航天器在轨环境评

估与轨道设计、磁层物理过程和机制研究（包括太阳风—磁层相互作用过程、磁暴与亚暴动力学、空间

电流体系反演）、地震电磁异常扰动识别等领域。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于

本文件。

GB/T32452航天术语空间环境

3术语和定义

GB/T32452界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

磁层磁场magnetosphericmagneticfield

外源磁层磁场externalmagnetosphericmagneticfield

磁层内部及边界电流产生的磁场。

3.2

磁层磁场源magnetosphericmagneticfieldsources

地球磁层中产生磁场的电流系统的统称，是地球外部磁场（外源场）的主要来源之一。

注1：磁层磁场源包括：

——流经磁层顶并屏蔽地偶极磁场的电流；

——磁尾电流，由夜侧近赤道薄电流片中的西向跨尾电流经磁层顶上下回流电流闭合的回路产生；

——环电流，包括由地球磁场俘获的带电粒子携带的对称环电流，以及经2区场向电流与电离层电流闭合的

部分环电流；

——场向电流，由沿极光磁力线流动并经磁层顶与电离层电流闭合的回路产生，特指1区场向电流；

——流过磁层顶并屏蔽环电流和部分环电流磁场的电流。

其中，磁尾电流、环电流和场向电流是地球磁层内部流动的电流。

注2：在不同磁层磁场模型中，或使用预先定义的电流系统，或使用由卫星数据计算的参数所确定的电流系统。

1000km1.5

注3：完全处于电离层内的电流（电离层电流）对以下高度的磁场有贡献。RE（地球平均半径）以上空间

电离层电流贡献不显著。电离层电流所产生的磁场不在本文件考虑之内。

3.3

内源磁层磁场internalmagnetosphericmagneticfield

地球磁层以下的内部源所产生的磁场。

注：包含主磁场（建模标准参考GB/T44001—2024）及电离层磁场等，不含场向电流磁场。

1