GB/T 47888-2026 影像材料 反射照片 储存规程

ICS37.040.99

CCSG80

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T47888—2026/ISO18920:2011

影像材料反射照片储存规程

Imagingmaterials—Reflectionprints—Storagepractices

（ISO18920：2011，IDT）

2026⁃07⁃02发布2027⁃02⁃01实施

国家市场监督管理总局

国家标准化管理委员会发布

GB/T47888—2026/ISO18920:2011

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

引言··························································································································Ⅳ

1范围·······················································································································1

2规范性引用文件········································································································1

3术语和定义··············································································································2

4储存包装器材和容器··································································································2

5储存装具·················································································································3

6储存室····················································································································3

6.1中期储存室········································································································3

6.2长期储存室········································································································4

7环境条件·················································································································4

7.1储存温度和湿度要求····························································································4

7.2环境控制要求·····································································································7

7.3空气纯度···········································································································7

7.4照明、使用和展示·································································································7

8防火储存·················································································································8

9照片的识别、处理和检查·····························································································8

9.1识别·················································································································8

9.2处理·················································································································8

9.3检查·················································································································8

附录A（资料性）储存期间的湿度···················································································9

附录B（资料性）储存期间的温度··················································································10

附录C（资料性）温度和相对湿度的关系·········································································11

附录D（资料性）原件与复制品的区别············································································12

附录E（资料性）空气夹杂物和气体杂质·········································································13

附录F（资料性）防火保护···························································································14

附录G（资料性）银质与彩色图像的褪色·········································································15

附录H（资料性）冷藏规程···························································································16

附录I（资料性）照片稳定性·························································································17

参考文献····················································································································18

Ⅰ

GB/T47888—2026/ISO18920:2011

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定

起草。

本文件等同采用ISO18920：2011《影像材料反射照片储存规程》。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由中国石油和化学工业联合会提出。

本文件由全国感光材料标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC102）归口。

本文件起草单位：乐凯胶片股份有限公司、中国科学院理化技术研究所、汕头乐凯胶片有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：任明淑、周树云、刘倩、王大庆、孙承华、肖时卓、汪洪海。

Ⅲ

GB/T47888—2026/ISO18920:2011

引言

本文件是涉及影像材料物理性能和稳定性能的系列标准之一。

摄影类反射照片及其他类型的反射照片（包括数字成像系统生成的硬拷贝输出）作为文献、图像参

考资料及艺术载体，在档案馆、图书馆、政府部门、商业机构、博物馆、学术研究以及大众消费领域的重

要性日益凸显。这一发展趋势引发了广泛关注，这使人们意识到通过科学保存手段最大限度延长此类

材料寿命的必要性。

反射照片（以下简称“照片”）的稳定性和使用寿命取决于其物理和化学性质，以及储存和使用的条

件。本文件提供了正确的储存条件和操作方法。

在储存期间影响照片使用寿命的重要因素如下：

a）储存环境的相对湿度和温度；

b）火、水和光照；

c）真菌和其他微生物的滋生；

d）与固体、液体或气体形式的某些化学品接触；

e）物理损伤；

f）恰当的处理；

g）与照片接触的包装器材和容器。

在不产生不利影响的情况下，允许储存环境的相对湿度和温度或两者的变化超出推荐范围的程度

将取决于暴露的时间长度、真菌滋生的有利生物条件以及大气与照片表面的接触程度。

在有关图像材料的国际标准中，“档案级”一词不再用于表示永久性或稳定性，因为它被赋予多种

含义，如从“永久”保存的信息（这是无法实现的）到临时储存经常使用的信息。

本文件规定了两个水平的推荐储存条件：中期和长期。中期储存条件可用于将信息保存至少10

年。当希望尽可能长时间地保存信息时，可以使用长期储存条件。这些条件将延长所有照片的寿命，

即使是那些没有被选择为需要永久性保存的照片。

建立和运行两种储存条件（中期和长期）的空间要求和成本差异很大。此外，两种储存条件下保持

温度和相对湿度在规定范围的能力可能会受到预算、能源、气候、建筑施工等因素的制约。但是，与指

定条件的任何偏差都会降低储存环境的有效性。如果这种偏差是不可避免的，则建议选择能够达到的

尽可能低的储存温度。在任何情况下，长期储存条件都将使照片获得最佳保存。

本文件不涉及改善不符合标准环境的各种策略。但是，那些环境不达标、预算有限的机构可以在

资源允许的情况下，选择使用空调、除湿机（或加湿器、循环过滤器）来改善这些环境。尽管实际应用可

能会作出让步，即使它们没有达到本文件推荐环境下可能的预期寿命，但对恶劣条件的任何改进都会

延长材料的寿命。关于使用空调的问题有许多参考文献，各种选择和相关费用不在本文件的范围内。

传统纸质藏品的储存不在本文件的范围内。然而，许多藏品中包含混合记录介质。鼓励档案管理

员查看ISO11799规定的这些材料的适用标准。

本文件关于照片储存的建议包括以下内容：

——储存包装器材、储存装具、储存室；

——大气和环境条件；

——防火保护；

——处理和检查程序。

除了常见的需纳入保护措施的火灾和相关危险，本文件不涉及保护反射照片免受自然或人为灾害

Ⅳ

GB/T47888—2026/ISO18920:2011

的方法或手段。

多媒介收藏的档案管理员可能会不得不控制所能提供的储存环境数量，这一做法是可以理解的。

这种让步可能基于价值、物理尺寸、数量或法律要求，去最大限度地延长某些藏品相对于其他藏品的预

期寿命。ISO18934讨论了混合媒介档案的问题及其储存建议。

Ⅴ

GB/T47888—2026/ISO18920:2011

影像材料反射照片储存规程

1范围

本文件规定了所有类型和尺寸的反射照片的暗储存条件、储存设施、处理和检查程序。

本文件适用于在以下不透明支持体上的反射照片：

a）纤维原纸；

b）涂塑（RC）纸；

c）着色的和其他类型的塑料载体，如聚酯、醋酸纤维素；

d）织物，如帆布、亚麻布。

本文件适用于以下加工处理的银盐明胶黑白照片：

1）湿加工，包括那些以提高银质图像的持久性和/或调整其色彩的化学处理，例如使用金、硒或

硫制剂；

2）扩散转印，如宝丽来和富士胶片的即时打印照片1）；

3）稳定处理（其中包含银质图像以及不可见的、化学稳定的卤化银）。

本文件适用于以下加工处理的单色和多色彩色摄影照片：

i)显色、冲洗和稳定；

ii）银染料漂白；

iii)染料转印；

iv）扩散转印，如宝丽来和富士胶片的即时打印照片1），剥离式或一体式；

v）着色明胶，如碳素、碳溴。

本文件适用于使用以下系统制作的黑白和彩色照片：

——染料热转印（通常称为染料热升华）；

——热蜡转印；

——静电印刷；

——染料和颜料喷墨；

——可溶胀和多孔涂层介质支持体；

——重氮照相。

ISO18911和ISO18918分别给出了照相胶片储存和已加工的感光版储存的建议。

本文件适用于第3章所定义的中期储存条件和长期储存条件。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于

本文件。

ISO18902影像材料已加工影像材料相册、相框和储存材料（Imagingmaterials—Processed

imagingmaterials—Albums，framingandstoragematerials）

注：GB/T47893—2026影像材料已加工影像材料相册、相框和储存材料（ISO18902：2013，MOD）

———————————

1）宝丽来和富士胶片的即时打印照片是市售的适合产品的实例。此信息是为了方便本文件的使用者而提供的，

并不构成本文件对这些产品的认可。

1