GB/T 44434-2024 空间环境 流星雷达技术要求

ICS

33.200

CCS

M54

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T44434—2024

空间环境流星雷达技术要求

Spaceenvironment—Technicalrequirementsformeteorradar

2024-09-29发布2024-09-29实施

国家市场监督管理总局发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T44434—2024

目次

前言

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Ⅲ

1

范围

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2

规范性引用文件

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3

术语和定义

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4

流星雷达

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4.1

概述

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4.2

分类

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4.3

组成

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5

一般要求

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5.1

尺寸、颜色、标记、外观与成套性

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5.2

人﹘机﹘环系统工程要求

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6

主要技术要求

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6.1

总体要求

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6.2

发射天线

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6.3

接收天线

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6.4

馈线

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6.5

发射机

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6.6

接收机

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6.7

数据处理与显控终端

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6.8

电源

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7

质量保证要求

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7.1

环境适应性

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7.2

可靠性及维修性

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7.3

电磁兼容性

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7.4

安全性要求

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7.5

互换性

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8

安装要求

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9

布设要求

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9.1

单站式流星雷达

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9.2

分布式流星雷达

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附录A（资料性）

流星雷达探测示意图

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附录B（资料性）

流星雷达水平风探测数据范例

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附录C（资料性）

流星雷达接收天线阵构型

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参考文献

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Ⅰ

GB/T44434—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由中国科学院提出。

本文件由全国宇航技术及其应用标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC425）归口。

本文件起草单位：中国科学院国家空间科学中心、中国电波传播研究所、武汉大学、中国科学院地

质与地球物理研究所、中国科学技术大学、西安电子科技大学。

本文件主要起草人：徐轻尘、冯健、龚韵、何茂盛、梁显锋、闫召爱、燕春晓、陈罡、胡连欢、

易稳、李雪、许娜、张鹏飞、李平、李昌宏、马铮。

Ⅲ

GB/T44434—2024

空间环境流星雷达技术要求

1范围

本文件规定了流星雷达的一般要求、主要技术要求、质量保证要求、安装要求及布设要求等。

本文件适用于工作频率在25MHz～65MHz频段内，以流星余迹为主要示踪物，专门进行流星分布

和中性大气风探测的流星雷达。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，

仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本(包括所有的修改版)适用于本

文件。

GB/T12506—2017测风雷达通用规范

GB/T12648—1990天气雷达通用技术条件

GB/T12649—2017气象雷达参数测试方法

GB/T30114.1空间科学及其应用术语第1部分：基础通用

3术语和定义

GB/T12506—2017、GB/T12649—2017和GB/T30114.1界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本

文件。

3.1

流星余迹meteortrail

当流星体高速进入大气层，与周围大气产生摩擦，流星体表面的物质蒸发并电离，同时大气分子也

因受到流星体的剧烈碰撞产生电离，扩散形成以流星轨迹为中心的等离子体气柱。

3.2

流星雷达meteorradar

利用流星余迹对电磁波的散射作用来探测流星分布和中性大气风的雷达设备。

注：一般能探测雷达站上空海拔70km～110km高度范围内的流星分布，以及中性大气的风速和风向。用于空间流

星及碎片探测、临近空间大气风场监测预警等。

3.3

八木天线Yagiantenna

由一个有源振子（一般用折合振子）、一个无源反射器和若干个无源引向器平行排列而成的端射式

天线。

4流星雷达

4.1概述

流星进入大气层烧蚀所产生的流星余迹可散射中频、高频、甚高频和特高频等频段的无线电波。本

文件涉及的流星雷达，工作频率在25MHz～65MHz频段内，以流星余迹为主要示踪物，采用宽波束

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