DB43/T 1913-2020 新化红茶 适制茶树品种栽培技术规程

ICS65.020.20

CCSB35

DB43

湖南省地方标准

DB43/T1913—2020

新化红茶适制茶树品种栽培技术规程

XinhuaBlackTeaTechnicalSpecificationforCultivation

ofSuitableVarieties

2020-12-29发布2021-03-29实施

湖南省市场监督管理局发布

DB43/T1913—2020

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范围·····················································································································1

2规范性引用文件······································································································1

3术语和定义············································································································1

4产地环境···············································································································2

5规划建设···············································································································2

6茶树种植···············································································································3

7茶园管理···············································································································4

8茶叶采摘···············································································································5

9生产档案管理·········································································································6

附录A（资料性）主要适制新化红茶的茶树品种······························································7

附录B（资料性）新化红茶茶园的主要病虫害及防治方法··················································8

附录C（资料性）农业投入品登记表···········································································10

附录D（资料性）茶园生产操作档案···········································································11

I

DB43/T1913—2020

II

DB43/T1913—2020

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020给出的规则起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利，本标准的发布机构不承担识别责任。

本文件由湖南省农业农村厅提出。

本文件由湖南省农业标准化技术委员会归口。

本文件起草单位：湖南省茶叶研究所、新化县茶叶产业协会、新化县农业农村局、湖南省茶叶学会。

本文件主要起草人：罗意、黄静、银霞、张曙光、欧阳辉、邹志明、陈伯红、黎娜、李敏。

III

DB43/T1913—2020

IV

DB43/T1913—2020

新化红茶适制茶树品种栽培技术规程

1范围

本文件规定了新化红茶适制茶树品种的术语和定义、产地环境、规划建设、茶树种植、茶园管理、

茶叶采摘及生产档案管理。

本文件适用于新化红茶适制茶树品种的栽培技术与茶园管理。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，

仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本

文件。

GB3095环境空气质量标准

GB5084农田灌溉水环境质量标准

GB15063复混肥料（复合肥料）

GB15618土壤环境质量标准

GB11767茶树种子和苗木

GB/T17419含氨基酸叶面肥料

GB/T17420微量元素叶面肥料

GB18877有机-无机复混肥料

NY227微生物肥料

NY/T393绿色食品农药使用准则

NY/T394绿色食品肥料使用准则

NY525有机肥料

NY/T5018茶叶生产技术规程

NY/T5197有机茶生产技术规程

T/HNTI022—2020新化红茶工夫红茶

3术语和定义

T/HNTI022—2020界定的及下列术语和定义适用于本标准。

3.1

新化红茶适制茶树品种SuitablevarietiesforXinhuablacktea

适宜新化县境内气候和土壤，对当地主要茶树病虫害有较强抗性，适宜加工新化红茶的中小叶茶树

品种。主要适制新化红茶的茶树品种参见附录A。

1

DB43/T1913—2020

4产地环境

4.1基本要求

茶园选址应远离城镇、工厂、居民区、交通干道，周边及上风口（或河道上游）无直接或间接污染

源。海拔宜选择600m～1200m以内，坡度宜选择在25°以下的山坡或丘陵坡地。园地水土保持良好，

植被丰富，生物多样性水平好。茶园与主干公路、荒山、林地和农田等边界应设缓冲带、隔离沟、林带

或物理障碍区。

4.2产地范围

生产区域范围为湖南省娄底市新化县奉家镇、天门乡、金风乡、水车镇、白溪镇、上梅镇、石冲口

镇、洋溪镇、槎溪镇、文田镇、游家镇、炉观镇、西河镇、孟公镇、琅塘镇、桑梓镇、曹家镇、吉庆镇、

温塘镇、田坪镇、圳上镇、科头乡、维山乡、荣华乡、坐石乡、油溪乡、上渡办、经济开发区和大熊山

林场、古台山林场。生产区域范围示意图参见T/HNTI022—2020。

4.3空气质量

符合GB3095中规定的二级标准要求。

4.4水质

茶园灌溉用水质量符合GB5084规定的旱作农田灌溉用水水质要求，且要求水源充足。

4.5土壤

茶园土壤pH值宜在4.5～6.0之间，低于4.5或高于6.0的土壤需先改良再种植，土壤类型为红壤、

黄棕壤，自然肥力高，有机质含量宜在1.0％以上，土层厚度1.0m以上，排水良好且土壤环境质量应

符合GB15618规定的二类土壤环境质量要求。

5规划建设

5.1地块划分

根据地形、坡度等自然条件，划分区块，预留农具房屋、道路和排蓄水系统建设用地。合理布置茶

行和茶树品种，规划茶行时应选择南北走向和沿等高线走向。

5.2道路网设置

茶园的道路分为干道、支道和步道，互相连接成网。一般要求20hm2以上茶园宜规划干道，宽7m～

9m；20hm2以下仅规划支道，宽6m～7m；步道按作业区界来规划，1hm2左右设立一条步道，宽1m～

2m。道路占地控制在茶园总面积的5％左右以内。

5.3排灌系统设置

遵循排蓄兼顾的原则，建立一套设有隔离沟、纵沟、横沟、沉沙坑、蓄水池组成的排水蓄水系统。

隔离沟设在茶园上方与荒山陡坡交界的地方，沟深、宽各70cm～90cm，横向设置；纵沟宜顺坡向沿

茶园步道两侧迂回曲折设置，横沟宜与茶行平行设置，与纵沟相连；在纵沟中每隔30m～50m挖一个

2

DB43/T1913—2020

沉沙坑，深、宽各30cm～40cm，长50cm～60cm；一般每0.67hm2茶园应建一个蓄水池，以蓄水量

10m3～20m3为宜。蓄水池与排水沟相连，进水口处设立一个沉沙坑。

5.4茶园开垦

5.4.1坡度小于5°的茶园直行式开垦；5°～15°的缓坡茶园等高横向开垦，不规则坡面按“大弯随

势，小弯取直”原则开垦；坡度超过15°的坡地茶园，宜修筑梯田，要求梯层等高，环山水平；心土

筑埂，表土回沟。梯面外高内低，并设有内沟，与外沟相通。

5.4.2初垦时间一般在每年的7～9