GB/T 19719-2026 首饰 镍释放量的测定 光谱法

ICS39.060

CCSY88

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T19719—2026

代替GB/T19719—2005

首饰镍释放量的测定光谱法

Jewellery—Determinationofthereleaseofnickel—Methodofspectrometry

2026⁃04⁃30发布2026⁃11⁃01实施

国家市场监督管理总局

国家标准化管理委员会发布

GB/T19719—2026

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

1范围·······················································································································1

2规范性引用文件········································································································1

3术语和定义··············································································································1

4原理·······················································································································1

5试剂·······················································································································1

6仪器设备·················································································································2

7试样·······················································································································2

7.1试样数量···········································································································2

7.2试样测试面积·····································································································2

7.3样品除脂···········································································································3

8分析步骤·················································································································3

8.1人工汗液的制备··································································································3

8.2释放过程···········································································································3

8.3空白试验···········································································································4

8.4镍的测定···········································································································4

9结果计算·················································································································4

9.1镍释放量···········································································································4

9.2结果的解释········································································································5

10试验报告···············································································································5

附录A（规范性）镍释放测试前样品含镍初筛····································································6

A.1概述·················································································································6

A.2原理·················································································································6

A.3试剂·················································································································6

A.4仪器设备···········································································································6

A.5试验步骤···········································································································7

A.6结果解释···········································································································8

附录B（资料性）人体穿孔部件和与人体皮肤长期直接接触的首饰在进行镍释放测试前的

预处理······························································································10

B.1概述···············································································································10

B.2原理···············································································································10

B.3镍释放测试方法的确定·······················································································10

B.4匀质首饰和非匀质首饰表面的确定········································································10

B.5表面积测定方法································································································10

附录C（资料性）由非均质材料制成的首饰······································································12

Ⅰ

GB/T19719—2026

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件代替GB/T19719—2005《首饰镍释放量的测定光谱法》，与GB/T19719—2005相比，

除结构调整和编辑性改动外，主要技术变化如下：

a）增加了“匀质首饰”“试样测试面积”的术语和定义（见3.1、3.2）；

b）将氨水更改为氢氧化钠（见5.3，2005年版的4.5）；

c）增加了盐酸（见5.5）；

d）增加了长度测量器具（见6.5）；

e）删除了参考试片（见2005年版的6.3）；

f）更改了试样数量的要求（见7.1，2005年版的7.4）；

g）删除了去离子充气水的制备（见2005年版的7.1.1）；

h）更改了人工汗液的制备方法（见8.1，2005年版的7.1.2）；

i）增加了校准溶液、方法的检出限和定量限、重复测量次数的要求（见8.4.2、8.4.3和8.4.4）；

j）更改了结果的解释（见9.2，2005年版的8.2）；

k）更改了试验报告的要求（见第10章，2005年版的第9章）；

l）增加了镍释放测试前样品含镍初筛的定性方法（见附录A）。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由中国轻工业联合会提出。

本文件由全国首饰标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC256）归口。

本文件起草单位：北京国首珠宝首饰检测有限公司、上海市计量测试技术研究院有限公司、国首

（深圳）珠宝首饰检测有限责任公司、深圳市宁深检验检测技术有限公司、广东省金银珠宝检测中心有

限公司、中宝正信金银珠宝首饰检测有限公司、浙江中鼎检测技术有限公司、深圳海关工业品检测技术

中心、北京国首珠宝首饰标准化研究中心。

本文件主要起草人：李素青、王健、虞婧、王伟华、高俊彩、黄艳油、孙芳、曹小勇、方瑞萍、麦宝华、

申云峰、陈珊、张元璋。

本文件及其所代替文件的历次版本发布情况为：

——2005年首次发布为GB/T19719—2005；

——本次为第一次修订。

Ⅲ

GB/T19719—2026

首饰镍释放量的测定光谱法

1范围

本文件描述了首饰中镍的释放量的测试方法。

本文件适用于人体穿孔部位的首饰以及与人体皮肤长期直接接触的首饰。其他含镍制品可参考

使用。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于

本文件。

GB/T6682分析实验室用水规格和试验方法

GB28480首饰安全技术要求

GB/T28485镀层饰品镍释放量的测定磨损和腐蚀模拟法

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

匀质首饰homogeneousjewellery

整体材料均匀、无法分离成不同材料的首饰。

注：覆盖层首饰不是匀质首饰。

3.2

试样测试面积samplearea

首饰中与皮肤长期直接接触或与身体穿孔部位接触的表面面积。

4原理

将需测试镍释放量的样品浸入人工汗液一星期，排除干扰。溶入人工汗液的镍离子浓度可用原子

吸收光谱法、电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定。镍释放量的单位为微克每平方厘米周[μg/（cm2·周）]。

与皮肤长期直接接触的含非镍覆盖层的首饰应先按照GB/T28485进行测试，然后按照本文件中

的程序进行测试。

在测试前，可先按照附录A来判断样品中是否存在可释放的镍。

5试剂

除非另有说明，在分析中仅使用确认为分析纯且不含镍的试剂，试验用水应符合GB/T6682中规

定的二级水。

5.1氯化钠。

1