GB/T 45058-2024 岛礁水域生物资源调查评估技术规范

ICS65.020.99

CCSB50

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T45058—2024

岛礁水域生物资源调查评估技术规范

Technicalspecificationforsurveyandassessmentofbiologicalresourcesin

islandandreefwaters

2024⁃12⁃31发布2025⁃07⁃01实施

国家市场监督管理总局

国家标准化管理委员会发布

GB/T45058—2024

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

1范围·······················································································································1

2规范性引用文件········································································································1

3术语和定义··············································································································1

4总体要求·················································································································1

5海洋生态调查···········································································································2

6海藻或海草调查········································································································2

6.1站点布设···········································································································2

6.2调查时间···········································································································2

6.3调查方法···········································································································2

7鱼卵、仔鱼和稚鱼调查································································································2

8游泳动物调查···········································································································2

8.1声学调查···········································································································2

8.2刺网调查···········································································································3

8.3水下视频调查·····································································································3

8.4钓具调查···········································································································4

8.5笼壶调查···········································································································4

9资源评估·················································································································4

9.1叶绿素a及初级生产力·························································································4

9.2浮游植物···········································································································4

9.3浮游动物···········································································································4

9.4大型底栖动物·····································································································4

9.5潮间带生物········································································································5

9.6海藻或海草········································································································5

9.7鱼卵、仔鱼和稚鱼·································································································5

9.8游泳动物···········································································································5

10资料归档···············································································································5

附录A（资料性）海藻或海草调查样带和样方设置·······························································6

附录B（资料性）数据记录表··························································································7

附录C（规范性）生物多样性评估参数指标计算公式··························································10

C.1物种优势度······································································································10

C.2物种多样性指数································································································10

C.3物种丰富度指数································································································10

Ⅰ

GB/T45058—2024

C.4物种均匀度指数································································································10

C.5辛普森优势度指数·····························································································11

附录D（规范性）海藻或海草资源评估参数指标计算公式·····················································12

D.1株高···············································································································12

D.2密度···············································································································12

D.3生物量············································································································12

附录E（规范性）水下视频游泳动物资源密度评估计算公式··················································13

参考文献····················································································································14

Ⅱ

GB/T45058—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规定

起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由中华人民共和国农业农村部提出。

本文件由全国水产标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC156）归口。

本文件起草单位：中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所、广东海洋大学、中国水产科学研究院南海

水产研究所深圳试验基地、三亚热带水产研究院。

本文件主要起草人：刘永、肖雅元、王腾、王学锋、李纯厚、林琳、吴鹏、陈国宝、刘玉、马振华、邹剑、

黄小林。

Ⅲ

GB/T45058—2024

岛礁水域生物资源调查评估技术规范

1范围

本文件规定了岛礁水域生物资源调查的总体要求，海洋生态、海藻或海草、鱼卵、仔鱼和稚鱼、游泳

动物等调查和评估以及资料归档的技术要求，描述了对应的证实方法。

本文件适用于海岛、珊瑚礁和岩礁等岛礁水域生物资源调查与评估。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于

本文件。

GB/T12763.1海洋调查规范第1部分：总则

GB/T12763.6—2007海洋调查规范第6部分：海洋生物调查

GB/T12763.10海洋调查规范第10部分：海底地形地貌调查

HY/T082—2005珊瑚礁生态监测技术规程

SC/T9403—2012海洋渔业资源调查规范

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

岛礁islandandreef

海洋中四周环水、露出水面的陆地或受潮汐影响现出水面的岩石。

注：岛和礁的合称。

3.2

岛礁水域islandandreefwaters

岛礁（3.1）周围一定范围内具有相对独立生态系统特征的水域。

3.3

岛礁水域生物资源biologicalresourceinislandandreefwaters

岛礁水域（3.2）中具有开发利用价值的动植物的总称。

4总体要求

岛礁水域生物资源调查应包括海洋生态调查，海藻或海草调查，鱼卵、仔鱼和稚鱼调查和游泳动物

调查。

岛礁水域生物资源调查的基本程序、调查质量控制、调查计划编制、调查人员和海上作业按GB/T12763.1

的规定执行。

调查的一般规定按GB/T12763.6的规定执行。

水下视频调查应由具备相应潜水资质的专业人员操作，专业人员在操作过程中严格把握作业

安全。

1