DB43/T 2448-2022 公路边坡地质灾害智能监测技术规程

ICS93.080

CCSP66

43

湖南省地方标准

DB43/T2448—2022

公路边坡地质灾害智能监测技术规程

Technicalspecificationforremoteautomaticmonitoring

ofgeologicalhazardsonhighwayslope

2022-11-10发布2023-02-10实施

湖南省市场监督管理局发布

DB43/T2448—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范围·····················································································································1

2规范性引用文件······································································································1

3术语和定义············································································································1

4基本规定···············································································································2

5监控要求···············································································································2

5.1施工期监测······································································································2

5.2运营期监测······································································································3

5.3监测系统及设备································································································3

6监测方法···············································································································3

6.1一般规定·········································································································3

6.2监测测项与精度································································································3

6.3监测布置·········································································································4

6.4设备安装·········································································································5

7数据采集与管理······································································································6

7.1一般规定·········································································································6

7.2数据采集·········································································································6

7.3数据传输·········································································································6

7.4数据存储·········································································································6

8数据分析与预警······································································································6

8.1一般规定·········································································································6

8.2数据分析·········································································································7

8.3监测预警·········································································································7

9监测成果···············································································································7

附录A（资料性）边（滑）坡稳定性野外评价·································································9

A.1评价方法·········································································································9

A.2评价内容·········································································································9

A.3评价标准·········································································································9

附录B（资料性）边（滑）坡变形阶段划分··································································11

B.1蠕动变形阶段·································································································11

B.2等速变形阶段·································································································11

B.3加速变形阶段·································································································11

B.4临滑阶段·······································································································11

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附录C（资料性）边坡地质灾害定量预警模型和方法······················································12

附录D（资料性）爆破振动监测·················································································14

D.1爆破振动安全允许距离·····················································································14

D.2现场监测原则·································································································14

D.3测振传感器····································································································14

参考文献··················································································································16

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前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由湖南省交通运输厅提出并归口。

本文件起草单位：湖南致力工程科技有限公司、湖南省交通建设质量安全监督管理局、长沙市公路

桥梁建设有限责任公司、中南大学、长沙理工大学、湖南省高速公路集团有限公司、湖南省交通规划勘

察设计院有限公司、中交第三公路工程局有限公司、湖南省特种设备检验检测研究院娄底分院。

本文件主要起草人：刘山健、鲁光银、胡惠华、张升彪、蒋召杰、肖嘉莹、卿轩、胡红波、贺杰军、

冯雄辉、罗显良、袁丹、邓小钊、樊华明、杨龙、何琴、曹全胜、车立刚、刘怡、曾明、曾智力、白冬

鑫、彭德明、陈鹏、侯俊敏、朱红军、黄利芒、樊华明、杨龙、罗永杰、梅卫锋、胡涛、朱自强、贺海

玉。

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DB43/T2448—2022

公路边坡地质灾害智能监测技术规程

1范围

本文件规定了公路边坡地质灾害智能监测的基本规定、监控要求、监测方法、数据采集与管理、数

据分析与预警、监测成果等内容。

本文件适用于施工期、运营期的公路沿线安全风险评估等级较高，或由公路建设引发的潜在不稳定

斜坡、滑坡、崩塌等地质灾害智能监测，其它类型的边坡地质灾害监测亦可参照执行。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文件，

仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于本

文件。

GB6722爆破安全规程

GB/T18314全球定位系统（GPS）测量规范

GB/T21978.2降雨量观测仪器第2部分：翻斗式雨量传感器

GB/T32864滑坡防治工程勘查规范

GB50026工程测量标准

GB50167工程摄影测量规范

GB50330建筑边坡工程技术规范

GB50343建筑物电子信息系统防雷技术标准

GB50497建筑基坑工程监测技术标准

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

公路边坡地质灾害hightwayslopegeologicalhazard

自然因素或人工填挖引发的危害公路建设、运营及人民生命财产安全的不稳定斜坡、滑坡、崩塌等

与地质作用有关的灾害。

3.2

边坡智能监测continuousmonitoringofslopegeologicalhazards

综合计算机技术、通信技术及传感技术等构建的边坡地质灾害监测系统，实现监测数据的智能采集、

传输、处理、查询及浏览、预警及信息反馈等工作。

3.3

监测网monitoringnetwork

为监测边坡地质灾害及周边环境的变形，由基准点和监测点组成的专用测量控制网。

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3.4

监测网点pointofmonitoringnetwork

安装或布置在监测网中的点位，包括基准点和工作基点。

3.5

监测点monitoringpoint

设置在边坡上能反映其灾害体变化特征的测量点。

3.6

监测测项monitoringobservationitem

指以某种物理变量为监测对象的具体项目，即监测内容和监测指标。

3.7

监测预警阈值alarmlevelvalue

为保障边坡及其周边环境的安全，针对所监测的项目与被监测边坡稳定性、支护结构工作状况、周

边环境变形限制等之间的关系，对监测测项所设定的控制性数值。

4基本规定

4.1边坡地质灾害智能监测分为施工期和运营期的监测。

4.2在边坡地质灾害监测中，符合以下情况时，宜实施智能监测：

a）监测频率较高的边坡；

b）人工监测实施困难的边坡；

c）监测周期较长的边坡；

d）由公路建设引发的潜在不稳定斜坡、滑坡、崩塌等地质灾害边坡；

e）运营期安全专项评估风险等级为Ⅲ、Ⅳ级的边坡；

f）有特殊要求的边坡。

4.3施工期的边坡监测方法选择及监测点的布置应兼顾运营期的长期监测。

4.4智能监测应根据边坡地质灾害类型及地形地貌条件、岩性条件等因素设定相应的监测预警阈值，

阈值应满足施工安全及边坡稳定要求。

4.5监测机构应具备行业主管部门认可的资质，配备行业主管部门认可的专业人员，拥有满足相应要

求的设备与技术。

4.6智能监测实施前应编制监测实施方案，经相关部门批准后实施。

4.7智能监测信息应及时处理、分析和反馈。

4.8监测期应对监测设施采取保护、维护措施，并进行巡查和系统维护。

5监控要求

5.1施工期监测

5.1.1施工期智能监测包括外观巡视和变形监测等。

5.1.2施工期的监测频率应根据边坡安全等级及施工进程，参考现行GB50497相关规定确定。

5.1.3当出现下列情况时，应根据需要提高监测频率：

a）边坡支（挡）护结构、周边建（构）筑物及周边环境出现发展的变形裂缝或较严重的突发裂缝

等可能影响工程安全的异常情况时；

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b）受洪水、台风、地震等自然灾害以及交通事故等异常情况影响时；

c）受连续降雨、短时集中强降雨等不利影响时；

d）监测数据将要达到或超过预警阈值时。

5.1.4智能监测数据应及时分析处理，出现异常数据应及时核查确认。

5.1.5施工期智能监测应根据施工进度对监测设备及周边环境进行巡视检查。

5.2运营期监测

5.2.1运营期的智能监测应为边坡安全使用提供技术支持。

5.2.2运营期监测内容应包括边坡变形、裂缝、倾斜、降雨量及地下水位监测等。

5.2.3运营期的监测宜为长期实时监测，监测系统应不间断连续工作，应具备自动生成监测报表及自

动预警功能。

5.2.4当监测数据异常或报警时，应及时进行核查确认。

5.3监测系统及设备

5.3.1智能监测系统应具有感应、采集、控制、传输、处理、存储、状态评估及预警等功能。

5.3.2智能监测系统应符合下列规定：

a）监测正常运行前，应对各类传感器进行校零处理或初始状态设置；

b）应对异常数据或干扰信号来源进行检查，采取有效措施进行处理；

c）监测数据保持连续，在监测系统进行数据对比、处理与分析。

5.3.3智能监测系统的采样频率及精度应满足相关行业规范要求。

5.3.4智能监测设备应符合下列规定：

a）选择相匹配的监测设备，并具有稳定性、耐久性、兼容性和可扩展性，在投入使用前应进行校

准；

b）监测信号的信噪比应满足实际工程分析需求；

c）宜根据监测方法及功能的要求选择合理的安装方式，安装应牢固、可靠；

d）应具备不间断采集数据能力，根据预警等级动态调整采样频率等参数。

5.3.5监测传感器应满足监测量程、测量精度、分辨率、灵敏度、动态响应特性、长期稳定性、

环境适应性等要求。

5.3.6应选用技术成熟、抗干扰性强、便于安装、维护和更换的传感器，且便于系统集成。

6监测方法

6.1一般规定

6.1.1应根据现场作业条件和监测精度要求，选取相应的监测方法。

6.1.2监测网的布置应能满足边坡变形量和变形方向的测量要求。

6.2监测测项与精度

6.2.1应根据边坡工程安全等级或滑坡防治工程等级，按表1确定监测测项与精度。