GB 5144-2006 塔式起重机安全规程

53.020.20

1ICS80

场黔

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB5144-2006

代替GB5144-1994

塔式起重机安全规程

Safetycodefortowercranes

2006-06-02发布2007-10-01实施

中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局发布

中国国家标准化管理委员会

GB5144-2006

目次

前言··································，··············································，································……m

1范围·····，·········，······················，······················，··············································……1

2规范性引用文件·····························································································，·，·…1

3整机···················································································，·············，············……1

4结构···························，，，·····················，，，···············，·····“。··，，，··“·················……2

4.1材料············································································································……2

4.2连接················································，······················，·····························，···……2

4.3梯子、扶手和护圈···········································，·················································……2

4.4平台、走道、踢脚板和栏杆···············，······························································……4

4.5起重臂走道.·……5

4.6司机室，···········，·············。·······，，·······，··，，·····················，，，·································……8

4.7结构件的报废及工作年限················································································…·…8

4.8自升式塔机结构件标志，·，·。。···，·，······，，，····，·，，，··4·，，，，，···，·，，，·······，·，······，·，……9

4.9自升式塔机后续补充结构件要求························································一·“·…·…’·“”9

5机构及零部件··········································································，······················……9

5.1一般要求·······，············，····································································，，·······，·，……9

5.2钢丝绳········································································································……9

5.3吊钩···，，··········，·········，，，·········，，········，，·············。········……9

5.4卷筒和滑轮···················，·······························，，···········，···········，·····················……9

5.5制动器··············，·································，·······················‘·····························……10

5.6车轮··，，·，·········，，··········，········，，·····················，·····························。················，·，…10

6安全装置·····················，·······································，···········································……10

6.1起重量限制器·······························，…10

6.2起重力矩限制器························，···································································……10

6.3行程限位装置·········································，·········，···，·····························，········……11

6.4小车断绳保护装置····‘····，·1·········。。···，，。。1，，，·。·，···，····，········，，，，，··‘·，，，，二11

6.5小车断轴保护装置······································，··················，······················，········……n

6.6钢丝绳防脱装置················n

6.7风速仪，，························，··············································································……11

6.8夹轨器········································································································……11

6.9缓冲器、止挡装置············································，，·········，··········，，··········，，··········，，，·H

6.10清轨板·····································，，·······，，·········，，···········，··········，··········，，·········，一11

6.11顶升横梁防脱功能·······················································································一·11

7操纵系统·，，·······，，，，·······，，，···、、···，，·····，·，，····，·····，，··········，，·····················，········，，，，二n

8电气系统·····································，····························，，······························，·····……12

8.1一般规定·········································，·······，··········································，········……12

8.2电气控制与操纵···········，，，···············‘·······，··········，，··········，································……13

8.3电气保护·······························，···································································……13

GB5144-2006

8.4照明、信号.·····。··············13

8.5导线及其敷设···········，·····························，·····················································……13

8.6电缆卷筒···············。·，··························································，···························一14

8.7集电器··································‘·。··，，·····················································，，，···，··…14

9液压系统，4············-·······，··········‘·················································14

10安装、拆卸与试验···································································，··················，······……14

11操作与使用··································································································……15

GB5144-2006

P1i吕

本标准的3.7,4.1,4.2.1,4.2.2.1,4.2.2.3,4.3,4.4,4.5,4.6.7,4.7.4,4.8,5.2.1,5.2.4,

5.3.1,5.4.1,5.5.2,5.6.1,5.6.2,6.3.3.2,7.1,7.2,7.3,7.3.1,7.3.2,7.4,8.3.3,8.5.1、10.6b),

10.8e),10.9,11.1为推荐性的，其余为强制性的。

本标准代替GB5144-1994《塔式起重机安全规程》。

本标准参考了ISO7752-3:1993《起重机控制布置和特性第3部分:塔式起重机》、

ISO11660-1:1999起《重机通道、护板和限制装置第1部分:总则》,ISO11660-3:1999起《重机通

道、护板和限制装置第3部分:塔式起重机》的有关内容。

本标准与GB5144-1994相比主要变化如下:

—增加对自升式塔机顶升加节、频繁拆装的起重臂的连接、结构件正常工作年限及主要结构件可

追溯的永久标志等要求;

—采用有关国际标准的部分内容;

—调整部分条款为推荐性。

本标准由中华人民共和国建设部提出。

本标准由全国起重机械标准化技术委员会归口。

本标准起草单位:北京建筑机械化研究院、长沙建设机械研究院、四川建设机械(集团)股份有限公

司、北京市建筑工程机械厂、上海宝达工程机械有限公司、重庆大江信达股份有限公司工程机械厂、湖南

湘潭江麓建筑机械有限公司、广西建工集团建筑机械制造有限责任公司、江苏省正兴建设机械有限公

司、上海市建设机械检测中心、北京中建正和建筑机械施工有限公司。

本标准主要起草人:虞洪、许武全、何振础、易明、魏吉祥、童明军、王福国、付剑雄、胡浪、杨道华、

史洪泉、杨定平、钱进。

本标准所代替标准的历次版本发布情况为:

-GB5144-1985,GB5144-1994

GB5144-2006

塔式起重机安全规程

范围

本标准规定了塔式起重机(以下简称塔机)在设计、制造、安装、使用、维修、检验等方面应遵守的安

全技术要求。

本标准适用于各种建筑用塔机。其他用途的塔机可参照执行。

本标准不适用于汽车式、轮胎式及履带式的塔机。

规范性引用文件

下列文件中的条款通过本标准的引用而成为本标准的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件，其随后所有

的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本标准，然而，鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究

是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本标准。

GB/T5972起重机用钢丝绳检验和报废实用规范(ISO4309:1990>IDT)

GB/T5973钢丝绳用楔形接头

GB/T5975钢丝绳用压板

GB/T5976钢丝绳夹

GB/T9462-1999塔式起重机技术条件

GB/T13752-1992塔式起重机设计规范

JG/T53塔式起重机车轮技术条件

JG/T54-1999塔式起重机司机室技术条件

JG/T10。塔式起重机操作使用规程

JG/T5112塔式起重机钢结构制造与检验

3整机

31塔机的工作条件应符合GB/T9462-1999中4.1.1,4.1.3,4.1.4的规定。

23塔机的抗倾翻稳定性应符合GB/T9462-1999中4.1.6的规定。

33自升式塔机在加节作业时，任一顶升循环中即使顶升油缸的活塞杆全程伸出，塔身上端面至少应

比顶升套架上排导向滚轮(或滑套)中心线高60mm,

3.4塔机应保证在工作和非工作状态时，平衡重及压重在其规定位置上不位移、不脱落，平衡重块之间

不得互相撞击。当使用散粒物料作平衡重时应使用平衡重箱，平衡重箱应防水，保证重量准确、稳定。

3.5在塔身底部易于观察的位置应固定产品标牌。标牌的内容应符合GB/T9462-1999中7.1.1的

规定

在塔机司机室内易于观察的位置应设有常用操作数据的标牌或显示屏。标牌或显示屏的内容应包

括幅度载荷表、主要性能参数、各起升速度挡位的起重量等。标牌或显示屏应牢固、可靠，字迹清晰、

醒目。

3.6塔机制造商提供的产品随机技术文件应符合GB/T9462的有关规定。