GB/T 46583-2025 微波介质陶瓷介电性能测试方法 开腔法、闭腔法

ICS81.060.30

CCSQ30

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T46583—2025

微波介质陶瓷介电性能测试方法

开腔法、闭腔法

Testmethodsfordielectricpropertiesofmicrowavedielectricceramics—

Opencavitymethodandclosedcavitymethod

2025⁃10⁃31发布2026⁃05⁃01实施

国家市场监督管理总局

国家标准化管理委员会发布

GB/T46583—2025

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

引言··························································································································Ⅳ

1范围·······················································································································1

2规范性引用文件········································································································1

3术语和定义··············································································································1

4测试原理·················································································································2

5测试条件·················································································································4

6仪器设备·················································································································5

7测试样品·················································································································5

8测试步骤·················································································································6

9测量不确定度···········································································································7

10测试报告···············································································································7

附录A（资料性）开腔法的计算过程················································································9

附录B（资料性）闭腔法的计算过程···············································································12

附录C（资料性）测试示例···························································································15

参考文献····················································································································16

Ⅰ

GB/T46583—2025

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由中国建筑材料联合会提出。

本文件由全国工业陶瓷标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC194）归口。

本文件起草单位：浙江大学、江苏灿勤科技股份有限公司、嘉兴佳利电子有限公司、武汉佰力博科

技有限公司、浙江嘉康电子股份有限公司、广东速联科技术股份有限公司、清华大学、电子科技大学、

同济大学、南方科技大学、华中科技大学、陕西师范大学、桂林理工大学、中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究

所、齐鲁工业大学（山东省科学院）、华中科技大学温州先进制造技术研究院。

本文件主要起草人：李雷、朱汇、胡元云、方辉、胡善良、乔全宝、岳振星、陈湘明、张树人、翟继卫、

汪宏、吕文中、刘鹏、方亮、刘志甫、唐斌、石锋、雷文。

Ⅲ

GB/T46583—2025

引言

微波介质陶瓷是微波通信技术中的关键材料之一，广泛应用于微波介质谐振器、滤波器、双工器、

基板、天线、电容器等核心元器件。相对介电常数、损耗角正切值（或Qf值）及谐振频率温度系数等介

电性能参数是微波介质陶瓷最重要的技术指标，这些参数的精确测试对微波介质陶瓷的开发、应用及

相关元器件的设计都具有非常重要的意义。

与其他微波介质材料相比，微波介质陶瓷具有相对介电常数覆盖范围宽、损耗角正切值低、温度稳

TE

定性要求高等突出特点，因此对介电性能测试方法的要求也更高。基于微波介质谐振原理、采用011

谐振模式的开腔法与闭腔法，由于谐振的激励与测试受样品相对介电常数影响小、金属壁品质因数高、

电能集中于样品内等，因而能够适应微波介质陶瓷的性能特点，被广泛应用于微波介质陶瓷介电性能

的测试。本文件采用开腔法与闭腔法，提出了微波介质陶瓷相对介电常数、损耗角正切值及谐振频率

温度系数的测试方法。两种方法相比较，闭腔法测试相对介电常数与损耗角正切值的不确定度更小、

损耗角正切值的测试范围更宽，开腔法则可用于谐振频率温度系数的测试。将两种方法结合起来使

用，能充分满足各种微波介质陶瓷介电性能的测试需求。

Ⅳ

GB/T46583—2025

微波介质陶瓷介电性能测试方法

开腔法、闭腔法

1范围

本文件描述了微波介质陶瓷介电性能测试方法（开腔法与闭腔法）的测试原理、测试条件、仪器设

备、测试样品、测试步骤、测试报告、计算过程及测量不确定度。

本文件适用于均匀的圆柱形微波介质陶瓷。开腔法中，测试频率范围为2GHz~24GHz，相对介

电常数的测试范围为3~300，损耗角正切值的测试范围为10-4~6×10-3，谐振频率温度系数的测试范

围为-1500×10-6/℃~1500×10-6/℃。闭腔法中，测试频率范围为1GHz~32GHz，相对介电常数的

测试范围为3~300、损耗角正切值的测试范围为2×10-5~10-2。本文件也适用于其他低损耗、无磁性

固体电介质微波介电性能的测试。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于

本文件。

GB/T1216—2018外径千分尺

3术语和定义

下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

微波介质陶瓷microwavedielectricceramics

用于各类微波器件中，通过陶瓷块体与微波的相互作用实现各种器件功能，如滤波、导波、微波反

射与接收等的陶瓷介质材料。

注1：微波介质陶瓷一般为复合氧化物，如钛酸盐、铌酸盐、钽酸盐等。一般要求微波介质陶瓷在微波频段具有合适

的相对介电常数、低损耗角正切值（或高Qf值）和较小的谐振频率温度系数。

注2：微波介质陶瓷是移动通信、卫星通信等的关键材料。

[来源：GB/T17991—2009，2.1.28，有修改]

3.2

介电性能dielectricproperties

在给定频率范围内用交流电压测量出的综合材料介电特性。

[来源：GB/T31838.1—2015，3.3，有修改]

3.3

绝对介电常数absolutepermittivity

ε

电位移除以电场强度。

注：单位为F/m。

1