GB/T 44205-2024 古代漆膜显微观察样品制备

ICS

97.195；19.020

CCS

Y04

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T44205—2024

古代漆膜显微观察样品制备

Samplepreparationofancientlacquerfilmformicroscopy

2024-07-24发布2024-11-01实施

国家市场监督管理总局发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T44205—2024

目次

前言

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1

范围

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2

规范性引用文件

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3

术语和定义

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4

取样

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4.1

取样计划

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4.2

取样过程

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4.3

包装与保存

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5

包埋

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5.1

包埋材料

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5.2

包埋模具

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5.3

样品前处理

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5.4

样品放置

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5.5

样品包埋

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6

研磨

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7

抛光

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附录A（资料性）

古代漆膜显微观察样品取样信息记录表样式

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参考文献

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Ⅰ

GB/T44205—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由中华人民共和国国家文物局提出。

本文件由全国文物保护标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC289）归口。

本文件起草单位：中国科学技术大学、中国国家博物馆、福建理工大学、中国文化遗产研究院、北

京中科标准科技集团有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：龚钰轩、龚德才、铁付德、王志民、乔成全、周光昭、成维智、钟博超、

于晨、张晓宁、王开、周霄、曾小凡。

Ⅲ

GB/T44205—2024

古代漆膜显微观察样品制备

1范围

本文件规定了古代漆膜显微观察样品的取样、包埋、研磨、抛光的制备要求。

本文件适用于反射光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察的古代漆膜显微观察样品制备的操作。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用

于本文件。

GB/T13298—2015金属显微组织检验方法

WW/T0003馆藏出土竹木漆器类文物病害分类与图示

3术语和定义

WW/T0003界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

取样sampling

用工具从文物本体或附属于文物本体的残件（片）上获取样品的操作。

3.2

包埋embedding

用树脂材料包裹、固定待观察样品，便于后续处理和观察的操作。

3.3

研磨grinding

用附着于合适衬底（如纸或布）上无取向分布的硬质颗粒打磨样品表面的操作。

[来源：GB/T30067—2013，2.2.301]

3.4

抛光polishing

用介质与样品之间的机械作用来消除研磨所造成的人为损伤粗糙面，得到一个光滑反射面的操作。

[来源：GB/T30067—2013，2.2.188，有修改]

4取样

4.1取样计划

古代漆膜显微观察样品（以下简称“样品”）制备应根据取样目的制定取样计划，取样计划的相关

要求如下：

a）取样应有代表性，宜选取同时包含基体、漆灰层、漆膜层、颜料等区域的样品；

b）宜充分考虑历次保护修复使用的材料和工艺对观察研究产生的影响；

c）应根据需要和文物的等级、保存状况、病害、组织结构等特点，确定取样位置、取样数量、取

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