GB/T 44194-2024 增材制造 金属粉末再利用技术规范

ICS

25.030

CCS

H70

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T44194—2024

增材制造金属粉末再利用技术规范

Additivemanufacturing—Technicalspecificationforreuseofmetalpowder

2024-07-24发布2024-07-24实施

国家市场监督管理总局

发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T44194—2024

目次

前言

Ⅲ

·····································································································

1

范围

1

··································································································

2

规范性引用文件

1

······················································································

3

术语和定义

1

···························································································

4

一般要求

2

······························································································

4.1

再利用策略

2

······················································································

4.2

检测要求

2

·························································································

4.3

过程实施要点

2

····················································································

5

粉末再利用策略

2

······················································································

5.1

一次性使用粉末

2

·················································································

5.2

单次填装粉末循环使用（策略1）

2

·······························································

5.3

每次成形补充原始粉末（策略2）

3

·······························································

5.4

按照频率补充原始粉末（策略3）

4

·······························································

5.5

隔离、递减消耗且不补充原始粉末（策略4）

5

··················································

5.6

隔离、递减消耗且补充原始粉末（策略5）

6

·····················································

6

检测要求

7

······························································································

6.1

分类

7

······························································································

6.2

检测

7

······························································································

6.3

取样

8

······························································································

6.4

结果判定

8

·························································································

7

粉末再利用过程控制要求

8

············································································

7.1

关键变量

8

·························································································

7.2

工艺环境

8

·························································································

7.3

粉末处理装置校准和验证

8

········································································

7.4

粉末处理装置维护

8

···············································································

7.5

污染物控制

9

······················································································

7.6

过程记录

9

·························································································

附录A（资料性）

再利用策略对比

10

··································································

附录B（资料性）

再利用过程变量

11

··································································

附录C（资料性）

校准和验证要求

14

··································································

Ⅰ

GB/T44194—2024

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由中国机械工业联合会提出。

本文件由全国增材制造标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC562）归口。

本文件起草单位：中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司、西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司、

无锡市检验检测认证研究院、南京航空航天大学无锡研究院、浙江闪铸集团有限公司、北京煜鼎增材制

造研究院股份有限公司、国营芜湖机械厂、中国核动力研究设计院、中航迈特增材科技（北京）有限公

司、中国食品药品检定研究院、北京动力机械研究所、中机研标准技术研究院（北京）有限公司、太行

国家实验室、南京航空航天大学、中国船级社、西北有色金属研究院、上海材料研究所有限公司、南京

铖联激光科技有限公司、南京尚吉增材制造研究院有限公司、北京市春立正达医疗器械股份有限公司、

厦门汉印股份有限公司、石嘴山市宝马兴庆特种合金有限公司、西安赛隆增材技术股份有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：何艳丽、雷力明、侯颖、张栋兵、胡娟、沈理达、李皓峰、钱婷婷、董定平、

何戈宁、高正江、王健、马瑞、薛莲、石磊、戴宁、周瀚森、张学哲、杨启云、王林、陈小龙、

解凤宝、林锦毅、魏创林、车倩颖。

Ⅲ

GB/T44194—2024

增材制造金属粉末再利用技术规范

1范围

本文件规定了增材制造用金属粉末再利用的一般要求、策略、检测要求与过程控制要求。

本文件适用于非连续、单一材料粉末床熔融和定向能量沉积工艺金属粉末的再利用策略制定、检测

要求确定和过程控制，其他工艺粉末的再利用参照使用。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用

于本文件。

GB/T35351增材制造术语

GB/T39251—2020增材制造金属粉末性能表征方法

3术语和定义

GB/T35351和GB/T39251界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

回收粉末recoveredpowder

从设备给料区、成形区、溢流区以及零件内部回收的混合粉末。

注：若给料区回收的粉末作为原始粉末单独存放，不视为回收粉末。

3.2

再利用粉末reusedpowder

回收后按规定对回收粉末进行筛分、干燥、混合或再处理后获得的粉末。

3.3

再处理reconditioning

对回收粉末进行的一系列处理，以调整粉末的颗粒形态、粒度分布、表面化学成分和残留水分等，

使其满足适用的粉末规范。

注：通常包括磁选、粉碎、气流分级等处理。

3.4

粉末混合powderblending

将符合同一粉末规范的粉末混合在一起，使粉末特性始终保持一致的过程。

注：待混合的粉末可以是来自一台或多台设备、采用同一个原材料批次并具有相似工艺历史的回收粉末，也可以是

符合同一粉末规范的不同批次原材料。

3.5

粉末循环powderrecycling

对回收粉末进行筛分、干燥、混合等操作或再处理，使其满足适用的粉末规范以用于下一成形周

期，并在使用期间进行检测等一系列活动。

注：经过一个成形周期的回收粉末，其循环次数为1次。

1