GB/T 26958.49-2026 产品几何技术规范(GPS) 滤波 第49部分：形态学轮廓滤波器：尺度空间技术

ICS17.040.20

CCSJ04

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/T26958.49—2026/ISO16610⁃49：2015

产品几何技术规范（GPS）滤波

第49部分：形态学轮廓滤波器：

尺度空间技术

Geometricalproductspecifications（GPS）—Filtration—

Part49：Morphologicalprofilefilters：Scalespacetechniques

（ISO16610⁃49：2015，IDT）

2026⁃09⁃28发布2027⁃01⁃01实施

国家市场监督管理总局

发布

国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T26958.49—2026/ISO16610⁃49：2015

目次

前言··························································································································Ⅲ

引言··························································································································Ⅳ

1范围·······················································································································1

2规范性引用文件········································································································1

3术语和定义··············································································································1

4尺度空间背景···········································································································2

4.1通则·················································································································2

4.2尺寸分布和反向尺寸分布······················································································2

4.3交替对称滤波器··································································································3

4.4嵌套数学模型·····································································································4

5应用推荐·················································································································4

5.1圆盘构造元素·····································································································4

5.2水平线段构造元素·······························································································4

5.3缺省尺度空间技术·······························································································4

6滤波器标识··············································································································5

附录A（资料性）尺度空间的实例···················································································6

A.1圆盘构造元素用于铣削加工轮廓操作·······································································6

A.2水平线段构造元素用于铣削加工轮廓操作·································································7

A.3用圆盘构造元素对陶瓷轮廓的操作··········································································8

A.4用水平线段构造元素对陶瓷轮廓的操作····································································9

附录B（资料性）概念关系图························································································11

附录C（资料性）与滤波矩阵模型的关系·········································································12

C.1概述···············································································································12

C.2在滤波矩阵模型中的位置····················································································12

附录D（资料性）与GPS矩阵模型的关系········································································13

D.1概述···············································································································13

D.2本文件相关信息及其使用····················································································13

D.3在GPS矩阵模型中的位置···················································································13

D.4相关标准·········································································································13

参考文献····················································································································14

Ⅰ

GB/T26958.49—2026/ISO16610⁃49：2015

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规

定起草。

本文件是GB/T26958《产品几何技术规范（GPS）滤波》的第49部分。GB/T26958已经发布

了以下部分：

——第1部分：概述和基本概念；

——第20部分：线性轮廓滤波器：基本概念；

——第21部分：线性轮廓滤波器：高斯滤波器；

——第22部分：线性轮廓滤波器样条滤波器；

——第28部分：轮廓滤波器端部效应；

——第29部分：线性轮廓滤波器小波；

——第30部分：稳健轮廓滤波器：基本概念；

——第31部分：稳健轮廓滤波器高斯回归滤波器；

——第32部分：稳健轮廓滤波器样条滤波器；

——第40部分：形态学轮廓滤波器：基本概念；

——第41部分：形态学轮廓滤波器：圆盘和水平线段滤波器；

——第49部分：形态学轮廓滤波器：尺度空间技术；

——第60部分：线性区域滤波器基本概念；

——第61部分：线性区域滤波器高斯滤波器；

——第62部分：线性区域滤波器：样条滤波器；

——第71部分：稳健区域滤波器高斯回归滤波器；

——第85部分：形态学区域滤波器分割。

本文件等同采用ISO16610⁃49：2015《产品几何技术规范（GPS）滤波第49部分：形态学轮廓

滤波器：尺度空间技术》。

请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。

本文件由全国产品几何技术规范标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC240）提出并归口。

本文件起草单位：中机研标准技术研究院（北京）有限公司、天津大学、浙江大学、成都信息工程大

学、中机生产力促进中心有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：朱悦、郭彤、曹衍龙、许源平、潘康华、翁兆楠。

Ⅲ

GB/T26958.49—2026/ISO16610⁃49：2015

引言

针对产品表面形貌粗糙度特征信息的分析过程中，滤波器模型、滤波器参数、滤波器传输特性、表

面轮廓的长波成分和短波成分的分离、提取及重构、端部效应的处理等问题，尚无一致的标准规范。为

了符合GPS一致性原则要求，需要重点研究服从高斯统计分布的表面粗糙度特征信息的处理技术和

滤波方法，构建新一代GPS表面形貌粗糙度滤波规范体系。

GB/T26958《产品几何技术规范（GPS）滤波》基于新一代GPS产品几何规范体系，为工业生产

提供了一套完善的滤波计算工具，和其他运算工具同时使用以保证产品规范和认证的顺利合理进行。

滤波广泛用于表面形貌测量与分析中，已成为现有表面形貌测量仪器的重要分析工具。GB/T26958

的制定和实施，为制造领域表面形貌信息的测量与分析，为相关仪器的开发和应用标准化，提供统一的

规范支撑。本标准的制定，有利于完善多样化表面形貌分析工具，提高企业产品的质量、性能与国际竞

争力。

GB/T26958拟由17部分构成。

——第1部分：概述和基本概念。目的在于界定GPS滤波的基本术语和GPS滤波采用的基本流

程框架。

——第20部分：线性轮廓滤波器：基本概念。目的在于界定线性轮廓滤波器的基本概念。

——第21部分：线性轮廓滤波器：高斯滤波器。目的在于界定用于表面轮廓滤波的线性高斯滤波

器，给出分离表面轮廓的大尺度和小尺度横向成分的方法。

——第22部分：线性轮廓滤波器样条滤波器。目的在于规定用于轮廓滤波的样条滤波器，特别

说明如何分离轮廓长波与短波成分。

——第28部分：轮廓滤波器端部效应。目的在于给出一种处理线性轮廓滤波器端部效应的

方法。

——第29部分：线性轮廓滤波器小波。目的在于规定用于轮廓滤波的样条小波及相关概念，并

给出紧支撑样条小波的基本术语及其应用。

——第30部分：稳健轮廓滤波器：基本概念。目的在于界定稳健轮廓滤波器的基本概念。

——第31部分：稳健轮廓滤波器高斯回归滤波器。目的在于规定离散的稳健高斯回归滤波器

的特性。

——第32部分：稳健轮廓滤波器样条滤波器。目的在于规定适用于表面轮廓的稳健样条滤波

器特性，以及分离表面轮廓的长波和短波成分的详细方法。

——第40部分：形态学轮廓滤波器：基本概念。目的在于界定形态学操作和滤波器（包括包络滤

波器）的基本术语和概念。

——第41部分：形态学轮廓滤波器：圆盘和水平线段滤波器。目的在于规定用圆盘和水平线段构

造元素计算形态学滤波器（包括包络滤波器）的技术内容。

——第49部分：形态学轮廓滤波器：尺度空间技术。目的在于规定形态学尺度空间技术内容，给

出尺度空间技术的基本术语及用法。

——第60部分：线性区域滤波器基本概念。目的在于规定线性区域滤波器的基本概念。

——第61部分：线性区域滤波器高斯滤波器。目的在于规定线性区域高斯滤波器，特别规定如

何分离表面的长波和短波成分。

——第62部分：线性区域滤波器：样条滤波器。目的在于规定具有全局形状保持能力的线性区域

样条滤波器的特性。

Ⅳ

GB/T26958.49—2026/ISO16610⁃49：2015

——第71部分：稳健区域滤波器高斯回归滤波器。目的在于规定稳健区域高斯回归滤波器的

特性，特别是分离表面的大尺度横向成分和小尺度横向成分的方法。

——第85部分：形态学区域滤波器分割。目的在于建立有关区域形态学分割的术语和概念。

假定为连续表面，特别描述了分水岭分割算法和沃尔夫修剪算法。

Ⅴ

GB/T26958.49—2026/ISO16610⁃49：2015

产品几何技术规范（GPS）滤波

第49部分：形态学轮廓滤波器：

尺度空间技术

1范围

本文件规定了形态学尺度空间技术内容，给出了尺度空间技术的基本术语及用法。

2规范性引用文件

下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用于

本文件。

ISO16610⁃1：2015产品几何技术规范（GPS）滤波第1部分：概述和基本概念[Geometrical

productspecifications（GPS）—Filtration—Part1：Overviewandbasicconcepts]

注：GB/T26958.1—2025产品几何技术规范（GPS）滤波第1部分：概述和基本概念（ISO16610⁃1：2015，MOD）

ISO16610⁃40产品几何技术规范（GPS）滤波第40部分：形态轮廓滤波器：基本概念[Geo⁃

metricalproductspecifications（GPS）—Filtration—Part40：Morphologicalprofilefilters：Basicconcepts]

注：GB/T26958.40—2026产品几何技术规范（GPS）滤波第40部分：形态轮廓滤波器：基本概念（ISO16610⁃40：

2015，IDT）

3术语和定义

ISO16610⁃1和ISO16610⁃40界定的以及下列术语和定义适用于本文件。

3.1

尺寸分布sizedistribution

满足筛选准则（3.3）的开操作（3.1.1）的指数集合。

3.1.1

开操作opening

〈形态学滤波器〉腐蚀之后再膨胀的形态学操作。

注：开操作既是形态学滤波器，也是形成其他形态学滤波器的两个基础构造要素之一。

[来源：ISO16610⁃40：2015，3.9]

3.2

反向尺寸分布anti⁃sizedistribution

满足筛选准则（3.3）的闭操作（3.2.1）的指数集合。

3.2.1

闭操作closing

〈形态学滤波器〉膨胀之后再腐蚀的形态学操作。

注：闭操作既是形态学滤波器，也是形成其他形态学滤波器的两个基础构造要素之一。

[来源：ISO16610⁃40：2015，3.10]

1